“Nai Zhi Gao Gai Che ,Cheng Zhe Duo You Wei 。”Shi Gou Chu Chu :《Xian Ju 》;Shi Tang Chao Shi Ren Bai Ju Yi De Zuo Pin 。
Kong Fu Yi Zhan Yu ,Ji Shi You Yu Wei 。 Na Yan Ban Chuang Ri ,Nuan Wo Yin Cheng Shui 。 Mian Pao Yong Liang Xi ,Zhu Ji Zhi Shuang Bei 。 Cong Dan Zhi Zhi Hun ,Shen Xin Yi Mo Shi 。 Xin Zu Ji Wei Fu ,Shen Xian Nai Dang Gui 。 Fu Gui Zai Ci Zhong ,He Bi Ju Gao Wei 。 Jun Kan Pei Xiang Guo ,Jin Zi Guang Zhao De 。 Xin Ku Tou Jin Bai ,Cai Nian Si Shi Si 。 Nai Zhi Gao Gai Che ,Cheng Zhe Duo You Wei 。
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【Zhu Shi 】:
Nai :
①Di Er Ren Chen Dai Ci 。Ni ;Ni De 。《Han Shu ·Di Yi Chuan 》:“Jin Yu Fa Zhi ,Nai Ken Cong Wo Hu ?”(Fa :Fa Bing 。)Liu You 《Shi Er 》:“Wang Shi Bei Ding Zhong Yuan Ri ,Jia Ji Mo Wang Gao Nai Weng 。”(Weng :Fu Qin 。)②Shi ;Jiu Shi 。《Zi Zhi Tong Jian ·Chi Bi Zhi Zhan 》:“Re Shi Zhi Bu Ji ,Ci Nai Tian Ye 。”③Fu Ci 。1.Yu Shi ,Zhe Cai 。《San Guo Zhi ·Shu Shu ·Zhu Ge Liang Chuan 》:“Nai San Gu Liang Yu Cao Lu Zhi Zhong 。”2.Que ;Jing 。Si Ma Guang 《Xun Jian Shi Kang 》:“Gu Ren Yi Jian Wei Mei De ,Jin Ren Nai Yi Jian Xiang Gou Bing 。”3.Zhi ;Jin Jin 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Yi Shang 》:“Tian Xia Sheng Zhe Zhong Yi ,Er Ba Zhe Nai Wu 。”④Zhu Ci 。《Shang Shu ·Da Yu Mo 》:“Nai Sheng Nai Shen ,Nai Wu Nai Wen 。”⑤Shen Zhi 。《Zi Zhi Tong Jian ·Chi Bi Zhi Zhan 》:“Meng Chong Dou Jian Nai Yi Qian Shu 。”[Nai Er ]Ru Ci 。《San Guo Zhi ·Shu Shu · Lv Kai Chuan 》:“Chen Bu Yi Yong Chang Feng Su Dui Zhi Nai Er 。”Zhi :
①Zhi Dao 。《Lun Yu ·Wei Zheng 》:“Zhi Zhi Wei Zhi Zhi ,Bu Zhi Wei Bu Zhi ,Shi Zhi Ye 。”Wang Chong 《Lun Heng ·Zhi Shi 》:“Bu Xue Zi Zhi ,Bu Wen Zi Xiao ,Gu Jin Hang Shi ,Wei Zhi You Ye 。”(Wei Zhi You Ye :Mei You Zhe Yang De Shi 。)②Zhi Jiao ;Gan Jiao 。Fan Zhen 《Shen Mie Lun 》:“Shou Deng You Tong Yang Zhi Zhi 。”③Jian Jie ;Zhi Shi 。《Shang Jun Shu ·Geng Fa 》:“You Du Zhi Zhi Lv Zhe 。”(Lv :Sai Lv 。)④Zhi Shi 。《Lie Zi · Shang Wen 》:“Liang Xiao Er Xiao Yue :‘Shu Wei Ru Duo Zhi Hu ?’”(Shu :Shei 。Wei :Tong “Wei ”,Shui 。)⑤Le Jie 。《Shi Ji ·Guan Yan Lie Chuan 》:“Zhi Wo Zhe Bao Zi Ye 。”(Bao Zi :Bao Shu Ya 。)⑥Jiao Hao ;Xiang Qin 。Si Ma Qian 《Bao Ren An Shu 》:“Jue Bin Ke Zhi Zhi 。”⑦Zhi Ji ;Zhi Xin De Ren 。Bao Zhao 《Yong Shuang Yan 》:“Bei Ge Ci Jiu Ai ,Xian Lei Mi Xin Zhi 。”(Xian Lei :Qin Zhao Lei 。Mi :Zhao Xun 。)⑧Zhu Chi 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xiang Gong Er Shi Liu Nian 》:“Zi Chan Ji Jiang Zhi Zheng Yi 。”Gao :
①Gao 。Yu “Di ”Xiang Dui 。《Xun Zi ·Quan Xue 》:“Gu Bu Deng Gao Shan ,Bu Zhi Tian Zhi Hou Ye 。”Du Xun He 《Chun Gong Yuan 》:“Feng Nuan Diao Sheng Sui ,Ri Gao Hua Ying Chong 。”(Chong :Chong Die 。)②Zhi Gao Du 。Du Fu 《Jiang Fu Cheng Dou Cao Tang Tu Zhong You Zuo Wu Shou 》Zhi Si :“Xin Song Hen Bu Gao Qian Che ,E Zhu Ying Xu Zhan Mo Gan 。”③Gao Ji ;Shang Deng ;You Liang 。《Dui Chu Wang Wen 》:“Shi Ji Qu Mi Gao ,Ji He Mi Gua 。”④Sui Shu Da 。《Zuo Chuan ·Zhao Gong Shi Wu Nian 》:“Ju Xi Er Gao Zu Sun Bai Yan ,Si Jin Zhi Dian Ji 。”⑤Gao Chao ;Gao Ming De 。《Han Shu ·Chao Cuo Chuan 》:“Dui Ce Zhe Bai Yu Ren ,Wei Cuo Wei Gao Di 。”(Dui Ce :Dui Da Xie Zai Jian Ce Shang De Kao Ti 。)⑥Zun Chong 。《Zhuang Zi · Dao Zhi 》:“Shi Zhi Suo Gao ,Mo Re Huang Di 。”⑦Gao Shang 。《Han Fei Zi ·Wu Du 》:“Qing Ci Tian Zi ,Fei Gao Ye ,Shi Bao Ye 。”Gai :
①Yong Cao Huo Wei Bian Cheng De Fu Gai Wu 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xiang Gong Shi Si Nian 》:“Bei Shan (shān)Gai ,Meng Jing Ji 。”(Bei :Fu Gai 。Shan :Yong Cao Bian Cheng De Fu Gai Wu 。)②Jian Zhu Fang Wu 。Wang Bao 《Tong Yao 》:“Zhi She Gai Wu 。”③Che Gai 、San Deng Zhe Yang Dang Yu De Yong Ju 。《Zhou Li ·Kao Gong Ji ·Lun Ren 》:“Lun Ren Wei Gai 。”《Shi Ji ·Huai Na Heng Shan Lie Chuan 》:“Wei Huang Wu Gai Cheng Yu ,Chu Ru Ni Yu Tian Zi 。”(Wu :Tong “Wo ”。Zhang Mu 。)④Qi Wu Shang De Gai Zi 。《Li Ji ·Shao Yi 》:“Qi Ze Zhi Gai 。”⑤Zhe Bi ;Yan Gai 。《Huai Na Zi ·Shui Lin 》:“Ri Yue Yu Ming Er Fu Yun Gai Zhi 。”⑥Chao Guo ;Ya Dao 。《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Li Ba Shan Xi Qi Gai Shi 。”⑦Chong Shang 。《Guo Yu · Wu Yu 》:“Fu Gu Zhi Jun Wang Zhi Gai Wei Yi Hao Sheng Ye 。”⑧Fu Ci 。Biao Tui Ce ,Xiang Dang Yu “Da Gai ”。《Lun Yu ·Li Ren 》:“Gai You Zhi Yi ,Wo Wei Zhi Jian Ye 。”⑨Lian Ci 。Cheng Jie Shang Wen 。Biao Shi Yuan Yin 。《Shi Ji ·Qu Yuan Gu Sheng Lie Chuan 》:“Qu Ping Zhi Zuo 《Li Sao 》,Gai Zi Yuan Sheng Ye 。”⑩Zhu Ci 。Duo Yong Yu Gou Shou 。Mo Shi Zai Yi Yi ,Ji Zuo Yong Zhi Shi Yin Chu Xia Mian De Yi Lun Huo Shui Ming 。《Shi Ji ·Li Si Lie Chuan 》:“Gai Wen Sheng Ren Qian Xi Mo Chang ,Jiu Bian Er Cong Shi ,Jian Mo Er Zhi Ben ,Guan Zhi Er Du Gui 。”(Ben :Gen 。)(11)Tong “He ”(hé),Shi “He Bu ”De Ge Yin 。《Li Ji ·Tan Gong Shang 》:“Zi Gai Yan Zi Zhi Zhi Yu Gong Hu ?”(12)Tong “He ”。Men Shan 。《Zuo Chuan ·Zhuang Gong San Shi Er Nian 》:“Luo You Li Yan ,Neng Tou Gai Yu Ji Men 。”Che :
①Che Zi 。《Li Ji · Zhong Yong 》:“Jin Tian Xia Che Tong Gui ,Shu Tong Wen 。”②Te Zhi Bing Che 。Du Fu 《Bing Che Hang 》:“Che Lin Lin ,Ma Xiao Xiao ,Hang Ren Gong Jian Ge Zai Yao 。”③Zhi Yong Lun Zi Zhuai Dong De Gong Ju 。《Song Shi ·He Qu Zhi Wu 》:“De Gao Ze Yong Shui Che 。”④Yong Shui Che Hu (hù)Shui 。Fan Cheng Da 《Wei Tian Tan Si Jue 》Zhi Er :“Liu Qi Yue Jian Tian Bu Yu ,Re Wei Che Shui Dao Shan Bian 。”⑤Ya Chuang Gu 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xi Gong Wu Nian 》:“Fu Che Xiang Yi ,Chun Wang Chi Han 。”(Fu :Mian Jia 。)⑥Liang Ci 。Bai Ju Yi 《Mai Tan Weng 》:“Yi Che Tan Chong Qian Yu Jin 。”Cheng :
(Yi )①Deng ;Sheng 。Qu Yuan 《She Jiang 》:“Cheng E Zhu Er Fan Gu Xi ,Ai Qiu Dong Zhi Xu Feng 。”《Shi Jing ·Wei Feng ·Mang 》:“Cheng Bi Gui Yuan ,Yi Wang Fu Guan 。”(Gui Yuan :Hui Huai De Tu Qiang 。Fu Guan :De Ming 。)②Zuo ;Jia 。《Mo Zi ·Qin Shi 》:“Liang Ma Nan Cheng ,Ran Ke Yi Ren Chong Zhi Yuan 。”③Chen Zhao ;Ping Jie 。Gu Yi 《Guo Qin Lun 》:“Yin Li Cheng Bian ,Zai Ge Tian Xia ,Fen Lie Shan He 。”Li Bai 《Sai Xia Qu Liu Shou 》Zhi Wu :“Sai Lu Cheng Qiu Xia ,Tian Bing Chu Han Jia 。”(Sai Lu :Sai Wai Zhi Di 。)④Qi Ling 。《Xun Zi ·Jiang Guo 》:“Yi Guo Zuo Mou ,Ze San Guo Bi Qi Er Cheng Wo 。”⑤Zhui Zhu 。《Han Shu ·Chen Shang Chuan 》:“Li Shi Xi ,Da Hu Cheng Zhi 。”⑥Zhan Sheng 。《Shang Shu ·Xi Bai Kan Li 》:“Zhou Ren Cheng Li 。”(Li :Guo Ming 。)⑦Ji Suan ;Ji Hua 。《Han Fei Zi ·Nan Yi 》:“Wei Ren Chen Zhe ,Cheng Shi Er You Gong Ze Shang 。”⑧Cheng Fa 。Suan Shu Zhong Si Ze Yun Suan Fang Fa Zhi Yi 。《San Guo Zhi ·Wu Shu ·Zhao Da Chuan 》:“Ci Shu Wei Miao ,Tou Cheng Wei Chu ,Yi Suan Zhi Fa ,Fu Zi Bu Xiang Yu 。”⑨Fo Jiao Shu Yu 。Zhi Jie Shi Jiao Yi Shen Jian De Deng Ji 。Zhang Yu 《Zeng Seng Hai Ri Ben 》:“Bian Can Dong Tu Fa ,Du Wu Shang Cheng Chan 。” (Er )shèng ①Liang Ci 。Yi Che Si Ma De Zong Chen 。《Shi Ji ·Chen She Shi Jia 》:“Che Liu Qi Bai Cheng ,Ji Qian Yu ,Cu Shu Mo Ren 。”②Si De Dai Chen 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xiao Zhi Zhan 》:“Yi Cheng Wei Xian ,Niu Shi Er Kao Shi 。”③Chun Qiu Shi Jin Guo Shi Shu Ming 。Hou Fan Zhi Yi Ban Shi Shu 。④Di Wang De Dai Chen 。Ban Gu 《Dong Dou Fu 》:“Sun Cheng Yu Zhi Fu Yu 。”(Sun :Jian Shao 。Fu Yu :Zhi Di Wang De Yi Wu Deng Yong Pin 。)Zhe :
①Dai Ci 。Zhi Ren 、Wu 、Shi 、Shi Jian 、De Dian Deng 。《Dao Lin Yu Ju 》:“Qing Zhang Zhe Bian Lai Yi Shou ,Gong Chen Na Pan Qu Ying Shu 。”②Zhu Ci 。1.Yu Dong Ci 、Xing Rong Ci Huo Duan Yu Gou Cheng “Zhe ”Zi Jie Gou ,Biao Shi Ren 、Shi 、Wu Deng 。《Lao Zi 》:“Gao Zhe Yi Zhi ,Xia Zhe Ju Zhi 。”《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Duo Xiang Wang Tian Xia Zhe ,Bi Pei Gong Ye 。”2. Yu Shu Ci Gou Cheng “Zhe ”Zi Jie Gou ,Zhi Chen Qian Bian De Shi Wu 。《San Guo Zhi ·Wu Shu ·Zhou Yu Chuan 》:“Ci Shu Si Zhe ,Yong Bing Zhi Huan Ye 。”3. Yu Shi Jian Ming Ci Gou Cheng “Zhe ”Zi Jie Gou ,Xiang Dang Yu “……De Shi Hou ”。《Zhuang Zi ·Ji Wu Lun 》:“Xi Zhe Shi Ri Bing Chu 。”4.Yong Zai Ming Ci Zhu Yu Hou ,Biao Shi Di Du Huo Pan Duan 。《Shi Ji ·Chen She Shi Jia 》:“Chen Sheng Zhe ,Yang Cheng Ren Ye 。”5. Yong Zai Fu Gou De Qian Yi Fen Gou Mo ,Biao Shi Yin Guo Guan Ji Huo Jia She Guan Ji 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce Yi 》:“Wu Qi Zhi Mei Wo Zhe ,Si Wo Ye 。”Wang An Dan 《You Bao Chan Shan Ji 》:“Jin Wu Zhi Er Bu Neng Zhi Zhe ,Ke Yi Mo Hui Yi 。”③Yu Qi Ci 。Yong Yu Gou Mo ,Yu Yi Wen Dai Ci “Shei ”、“He ”Deng Pei Ge ,Biao Shi Yi Wen Yu Qi 。《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Shei Wei Da Wang Wei Ci Ji Zhe ?”Duo :
①Shu Liang Da ,Yu “Shao ”Xiang Dui 。《Meng Zi ·Gong Sun Chou Xia 》:“De Dao Zhe Duo Zhu ,Shi Dao Zhe Gua Zhu 。”(De Dao :Zhi De Zhi Guo Zhi Dao ,Ji Hang Ren Zheng 。Gua :Shao 。)Wang Wei 《Xiang Sai 》:“Yuan Jun Duo Cai Xie 。”②Sheng Guo ;Chao Guo 。Shang Xian Zu 《Zi Xiao Ji ·Qiao Tan 》:“Xiang Ta Cai Shi Xiang Ru ,Mao Duo Wang Can 。”(Xiang Ru :Si Ma Xiang Ru ,Han Ci Fu Jia 。Wang Can :Han Wei Jian Ren ,Mao Mei Duo Cai 。)③Chen Zan ;Zhao Chong 。《Shi Ji ·Ji Bu Luan Bu Lie Chuan 》:“Zhu Gong Jie Duo Ji Bu Neng Cui Gang Wei Rou ,Zhu Jia Yi Ci Ming Wen Dang Shi 。”《Shi Ji ·Wei Ji Wu An Hou Lie Chuan 》:“Shi Yi Yi Ci Duo Zhi 。”④Guo Fen De ;Duo Yu De 。《Zhuang Zi ·Yu Fu 》:“Jin Zi Ji Shang Mo Jun Hou You Si Zhi Shi ,Er Xia Mo Da Chen Zhi Shi Zhi Guan ,Er Shan Chi (chì)Li Le ,Shua Ren Lun Yi Hua Ji Min ,Bu Tai Duo Shi Hu ?”(Chi :Zheng Du 。Tai :Tai ,Guo Yu ,Guo Fen 。)Liu Shao 《Ren Wu Zhi ·Ti Bie 》:“Fu Zai Duo Yi 。”⑤Zeng Duo 。《Xun Zi ·Tian Lun 》:“Yin Wu Er Duo Zhi ,Shu Yu Cheng Neng Er Hua Zhi ?”⑥Tong “Chi ”,Bu Zheng 。《Fa Yan ·Wu Zi 》:“Zhong Zheng Ze Ya ,Duo Wa Ze Zheng 。”(Wa :Yin Xie De Le Sheng 。)⑦Fu Ci 。Biao Shi Xian Ding 。Yao Xiang Dang Yu “Zhi ”、“Jin Jin ”。Zhu Fu 《Wei You Zhou Mu Yu Peng Chong Shu 》:“Ci You He Bin Zhi Min Peng Tu Yi Sai Meng Jin ,Duo Jian Ji Bu Zhi Liang Ye 。”《Lun Yu ·Zi Zhang 》:“Ren Sui Yu Zi Jue ,Ji He Shang Yu Ri Yue Hu ? Duo Jian Ji Bu Zhi Liang Ye 。”You :
①Dan You ;Fa Chou 。《Yan Tie Lun ·Fa Gong 》:“You Ren Zhi Huan Zhe ,Min Yi Xin Er Gui Zhi ,Shang Wu Shi Ye 。”(Shang Wu :Shang Shang Wang He Zhou Wu Wang 。)Bai Ju Yi 《Mai Tan Weng 》:“Xin You Tan Jian Yuan Tian Han 。”②Kun E ;You Huan 。《Xin Shu ·Li 》:“You Min Zhi You Zhe ,Min Bi You Ji You 。”Su Shi 《Pin Shi 》:“Wei Neng Qian Yi Li ,Fen Ru Xin Shui You 。”③Te Zhi Fu Mu De Sang Shi 。《Wei Shu ·Li Biao Chuan 》:“Chao Chen Ding Fu You Zhe Jia Man Fu Zhi 。”(Ding :Zao Yu 。)Wei :
①Kong Ju ;Hai Pa 。《Shi Ji ·Lian Po Lin Xiang Ru Lie Chuan 》:“Zhao Wang Wei Qin ,Yu Wu Hang 。”②You Lv ;Dan Xin 。《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Jin Cu Shao Duo Yi ,Qin Bing Ri Yi ,Chen Wei Jun Wei Zhi !”③He Hu ;Shi Hai Pa 。《Han Fei Zi ·Zhong Xiao 》:“You Ju Wei Zhi Yi Fa ,Ran Hou Bu Gan Tui 。”④Jing Fu 。《Lun Yu ·Zi Han 》:“Hou Sheng Ke Wei ,Yan Zhi Lai Zhe Zhi Bu Ru Jin Ye ?”⑤Tong “Wei ”。Gong De Wan Qu Chu 。《Zhou Li ·Kao Gong Ji · Gong Ren 》:“Fu Jiao Zhi Zhong ,Heng Dang Gong Zhi Wei 。”⑥Tong “Wei (wēi)”。Wei Yan 。《Han Fei Zi ·Zhu Dao 》:“Ji Hang Fa Ye ,Wei Hu Ru Lei Ting 。”
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