“Yu Zhong You Zhen Dao ,Suo Shui Bu Ru Ci 。”Shi Gou Chu Chu :《Jie Yao 》;Shi Tang Chao Shi Ren Bai Ju Yi De Zuo Pin 。
Cu Cu Ji Jing Zhong ,Chun Chun Wei Chen Li 。 Sheng Ya You Fen Xian ,Ai Lian Mo Zhong Yi 。 Zao Wai Xian Zhong Nian ,Zhong Nian Xian Mu Chi 。 Mu Chi You Tan Sheng ,Fu Shi Qiu Bu Si 。 Chao Tun Tai Yang Jing ,Xi Xi Qiu Dan Sui 。 Jiao Fu Fan Cheng Zai ,Yao Wu Zhe Duo Yi 。 Yi Zhi Zi Shi Yu ,You Wang Yan Jia Zi 。 Tian Ren Yin Zhi Jian ,Yi Kong Mo Ci Li 。 Yu Zhong You Zhen Dao ,Suo Shui Bu Ru Ci 。 Hou Shen Shi Shen Cun ,Wu Wen Zhu Lao Shi 。
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【Zhu Shi 】:
Yu :
①Bang Guo ;Feng Yi 。《Shi Jing ·Shang Song ·Xuan Diao 》:“Gu Di Ming Wu Shang ,Zheng Yu Bi Si Fang 。”《Han Shu · Wei Xuan Cheng Chuan 》:“Yi Bao Er Yu 。”②De Yu ;Yi Ding De De Ou 。Li Kang 《Yun Ming Lun 》:“Ying Pin Qi Shi Guo ,Er Bu Yi Huo Ji Zhu ,Qu Zhou Yu Man Xia Zhi Yu ,Qu Ru Yu Gong Qing Zhi Men 。”(Ying Pin :Zhi Kong Zi Jie Shou Pin Wen 。Huo :De Dao 。Qu Zhou :Qu Zhu Ben Chi 。Man Xia :Man Yi Yu Hua Xia 。Fan Zhi Bian Yuan De Ou He Zhong Yuan De Ou 。)③Fen De 。《Shi Jing ·Tang Feng ·Ge Sheng 》:“Ge Sheng Meng Ji ,Lian Man Yu Yu 。”(Lian liǎn:Duo Nian Sheng Cao Ben Zhi Wu 。Man :Man Yan 。)④Hua Fen Ou Yu Ju Zhu 。《Meng Zi ·Gong Sun Chou Xia 》:“Yu Min Bu Yi Feng Jiang Zhi Jie ,Gu Guo Bu Yi Shan Xi Zhi Xian 。”(Yi :Ping Jie ;Yi Kao 。)Yu Zhong :
Yu Nei ;Tian Xia 。Jia Bin Wang 《Dai Xu Jing Ye Tao Wu Shi Xi 》:“Qing Kan Jin Ri Zhi ~~,Jing Shi Shei Jia Zhi Tian Xia 。”Zhong :
(Yi )①Zhong Jian 。《Mo Zi ·Jing Shang 》:“Zhong ,Tong Chang Ye 。”(Tong Chang :Tong Yang Chang De Ban Jing 。)Liu Zong Yuan 《Tian Shui 》:“Hun Ran Er Zhong Chu Zhe ,Shi Wei Zhi Yuan Qi 。”②Nei ;Zai Yi Ding De Fan Wei Nei 。《Meng Zi ·Teng Wen Gong Shang 》:“Guo Zhong Mo Wei 。”《Kao Gong Ji ·Ju Ren 》:“Guo Zhong Jiu Jing Jiu Wei 。”③Wei Zhi 、Deng Ji Zai Gao Xia Huo Liang Duan Zhi Jian 。《Lie Zi ·Li Ming 》:“Zhong Tu Yu Dong Guo Xian Sheng 。”(Tu :Tong “Tu ”。)《Han Shu ·Shi Huo Zhi Xia 》:“Jin You San Deng ,Huang Jin Wei Shang ,Bai Jin Wei Zhong ,Chi Jin Wei Xia 。”④Zheng ;Kuo Zhong 。《Li Ji ·Yu Zao 》:“Tou Geng Bi Zhong 。”《Meng Zi ·Li Lou Xia 》:“Shang Zhi Zhong 。”(Shang :Yan Shang Guo Jun 。)⑤Yi Yu ;Ge Yu 。《Shi Ji ·Wai Qi Shi Jia 》:“Wu Di Ze Gong Ren Bu Zhong Yong Zhe ,Chi Chu Gui Zhi 。” (Er )zhòng ①Fu Ge ;Kuo Ge 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Huai Chong 》:“Bi Zhong Li ,Ran Hou Shui 。”《Xun Zi ·Fu Pian 》:“Yuan Zhe Zhong Gui ,Fang Zhe Zhong Ju 。”②Wu Mie ;Wu Mie Bie Ren Shi Shou Sun Hai 。《Han Shu ·He Wu Chuan 》:“Xian Nu ,Yu Yi Li Shi Zhong Shang 。”(Xian 、Shang :Ren Ming 。)③Zao Shou ;Gan Shou 。《Hou Han Shu ·Ma Yuan Chuan 》:“Yuan Yi Zhong Bing 。”You :
(Yi )①Yu “Mo ”Xiang Dui 。1. Biao Shi Zhan You 、Ju You 、Ling You 。《Lun Yu ·Gong Ye Chang 》:“Chen Wen Zi You Ma Shi Cheng (shèng)。”(Cheng :Si Pi 。)Zhu Ge Liang 《Cao Lu Dui 》:“Sun Quan Ju You Jiang Dong 。”2.Biao Shi Cun Zai 。Cao Pi 《Za Shi 》:“Xi Bei You Fu Yun ,Ting Ting Ru Che Gai 。”3. Biao Shi Fa Sheng 。《San Guo Zhi ·Shu Shu ·Zhu Ge Liang Chuan 》:“Tian Xia You Bian ,Ze Ming Yi Shang Jiang Jiang Jing Zhou Zhi Jun Yi Xiang Wan 、Luo 。”②Feng Shou 。Chu Guang Xi 《Guan Jing Du 》:“Neng Ling Qiu Da You ,Gu Chui Yuan Xiang Cui 。”③Biao Shi Bu Ding Zhi 。Gen “Mou ”Xiang Jin 。Li Bai 《Pu Sa Man 》:“Ming Se Ru Gao Lou ,You Ren Lou Shang Chou 。”④Zhu Ci 。1. Duo Yong Yu Chao Dai Ming Chen De Qian Mian 。《Shi Jing ·Da Ya ·Wen Wang 》:“You Zhou Bu Xian ,Di Ming Bu Shi 。”2. Yong Yu Xing Rong Ci Qian Mian 。《Shi Jing ·Zheng Feng ·Nv Yue Ji Ming 》:“Ming Xing You Lan 。”(Lan :Can Lan 。) (Er )yòu Tong “You ”。Yong Yu Zheng Shu Yu Ling Shu Zhi Jian 。《Lun Yu ·Wei Zheng 》:“Wu Shi You Wu Er Zhi Yu Xue 。”《Shi Ji ·Qin Shi Huang Ben Ji 》:“San Shi You Qi Nian ,Qin Xun Tian Xia 。”Zhen :
①Gu Chen Xian Ren Wei Zhen 。《Chu Ci ·Jiu Sai ·Shou Zhi 》:“Sui Zhen Ren Xi Ao Xiang 。”②Ben Xing ;Ben Zhi 。《Zhuang Zi ·Ji Wu Lun 》:“Mo Yi Sun Hu Ji Zhen 。”③Zhen Shi ;Zhen Cheng 。《Han Shu ·Xuan Di Ji 》:“Shi Zhen Wei Wu Xiang Luan 。”④Zhen Shu ,Ji Han Zi Kai Shu 。⑤Fu Ci 。De Que ;Shi Zai 。Du Fu 《Mo Xiang Yi Hang 》:“Ya Chi Yu La Zhen Ke Xi 。”Dao :
(Yi )①Dao Lu 。《Shi Ji ·Chen She Shi Jia 》:“Hui Tian Da Yu ,Dao Bu Tong 。”②Shui Liu Tong Hang De Tu Jing 。《Zuo Chuan ·Zhao Gong Shi San Nian 》:“Qiu ,Jin Hou Hui Wu Zi Yu Liang ,Shui Dao Bu Ke ,Wu Zi Ci ,Nai Hai 。”(Hui :Yao Hui 。Liang :De Ming 。)③Qu Dao 。Wen Tian Xiang 《Zhi Na Lu Hou Xu 》:“Dao Hai An 、Ru Gao ,Fan San Bai Li 。”④Fang Fa ;Tu Jing 。《Lun Yu ·Li Ren 》:“Fu Yu Gui ,Shi Ren Zhi Suo Yu Ye ;Bu Yi Ji Dao De Zhi ,Bu Chu Ye 。”⑤Ji Yi 。《Lun Yu ·Zi Zhang 》:“Sui Xiao Dao ,Bi You Ke Guan Zhe Yan 。”⑥Yu Zhou Mo Wu De Ben Yuan 。《Zhou Yi ·Ji Ci Shang 》:“Yi Yin Yi Yang Zhi Wei Dao 。”⑦Gui Lv ;Dao Li 。《Xun Zi ·Tian Lun 》:“Xun Dao Er Bu Er ,Ze Tian Bu Neng Huo 。”(Xun :Zun Zhao 。Er :Bu Zhuan Yi 。)⑧Zheng Zhi Zhu Zhang Huo Sai Xiang Xue Shui 。《Lun Yu ·Li Ren 》:“Wu Dao Yi Yi Guan Zhi Zai 。”⑨Hao De Zheng Zhi Ju Mian 。《Lun Yu ·Ji Shi 》:“Tian Xia You Dao ,Ze Li Le Zheng Fa Zi Tian Zi Chu 。”⑩Dao De ;Dao Yi 。Xu Jie 《Song Si Feng Zhong Fang Yang Zi Fu Liu Dou 》:“Gu Dao Ri Lun Ti ,Qun Yu Fen Zhui Sui 。”(Lun :Lun Wang 。Ti :Cui La 。Yu :A Yu ,Feng Cheng 。)(11)Dao Jia 。Shang Gu Sai Xiang Liu Pa Zhi Yi 。(12)Zhi Dao Shu 。Sun Guang Xian 《Bei Meng Suo Yan 》Juan Shi Er :“Zi Re Xue Dao ,Ji You Xian Fen 。”(13)Hang Zheng Ou Hua Ming 。1. Tang Chu Fen Tian Xia Wei Shi Dao ,Kai Yuan Er Shi Yi Nian Zeng Zhi Shi Wu Dao 。2. Qing Dai He Min Guo Chu Nian Ceng Zai Sheng Yi Xia She Re Gan Fen Shou Dao 。(14)Shui ;Jiang Shu 。《Yan Tie Lun ·Zun Dao 》:“Shi Xu Yan Yi Luan Shi ,Dao Gu Yi Hai Jin 。”(15)Liang Ci 。Yong Yu Ming Ling 、Ti Mu Deng 。《Xin Tang Shu ·Shua Ju Zhi 》:“Jin Shi Shi Shi 、Fu Ji Shi Wu Ce Wu Dao 。”(Er )dǎo ①Tong “導”。1.Shu Tong 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xiang Gong San Shi Yi Nian 》:“Da Jue Suo Fan ,Shang Ren Bi Duo ,Wu Bu Ke Jiu Ye 。Bu Ru Xiao Jue Shi Dao 。”(Jue :He Liu Jue Kou 。Ke :Neng 。)2. Yin Dao 。《Han Shu ·Zhang Jian Chuan 》:“Wei Wang Shi Ren Dao Song Wo 。”②Zhi Li 。《Lun Yu ·Wei Zheng 》:“Dao Zhi Yi Zheng ,Ji Zhi Yi Xing ,Min Mian Er Mo Chi 。”(Zheng :Zheng Ling 。Ji :Zheng Du 。Mian :Mian Yu Fan Zui 。)③Jie Ci 。Cong ;You 。《Han Shu ·Huai Na Wang An Chuan 》:“Zhu Shi Zhe Dao Chang An Lai ,Wei Wang Yao Yan 。”Suo :
①Chu Suo ;Wei Zhi ;De Fang 。《Mo Zi ·Hao Ling 》:“Ye Yi Huo Zhi Gu Suo 。”《Shi Jing ·Bin Feng ·Jiu Yu 》:“Hong Fei Zun Zhu (zhǔ),Gong Gui Mo Suo 。”(Zun :Yan Zhao 。Zhu :Shui Zhong De Sha Zhou 。)②Yuan 、Ming Shi Zhu Jun De Yi Chong Jian Zhi 。《Ming Shi ·Bing Zhi Er 》:“Du (duó)Yao Hai De ,Ji Yi Jun Zhe She Suo ,Lian Jun Zhe She Wei 。”(Du :Gu Liang 。)③Bu Ding Shu Ci ,Fu Zai Shu Liang Ci Hou Biao Shi Gai Shu 。《Shi Ji ·Li Jiang Jun Lie Chuan 》:“Wei Dao Xiong Nu Chen Er Li Suo ,Zhi 。”(Chen :Tong “Zhen ”。)④Liang Ci 。Ji Suan Fang She Ji Ji Ta Chu Suo 。《Song Shu ·Shen Qing Zhi Chuan 》:“Ju Qing Ming Men Wai ,You Zhai Si Suo ,Shi Yu Shen Li 。”《Shi Ji ·Bian Que Cang Gong Lie Chuan 》:“Ci Zu Yang Ming Mai ,Zuo You Ge San Suo 。”⑤Zhu Ci 。Yong Zai Dong Ci Qian ,Zu Cheng Ming Ci Xing Duan Yu 。1. Dong Ci Hou Bu Zai Chu Xian Biao Shi Wu De Ci 。《Xun Zi ·Rong Ru 》:“Ci Xiao Ren Zhi Suo Wu Er Jun Zi Suo Bu Wei Ye 。”2. Dong Ci Hou Yong “Zhe ”Huo “De ”Biao Shi Shi Wu 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce Si 》:“Shi Wu Jia Suo Gua You Zhe 。”3. Dong Ci Hou Reng Chu Xian Biao Shi Wu De Ci 。《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Du Ji Suo Sha Han Jun Shu Bai Ren 。”⑥Zhu Ci 。Fang Zai Dong Ci Qian Biao Shi Bei Dong ,Duo Yu “Wei ”Pei Ge Shi Yong 。《Han Shu ·Huang Ba Chuan 》:“Shi Yu Dao Pang ,Nai Wei Wu Suo Dao Rou 。”(Wu :Wu Ya 。)[Suo Yi ]1.Biao Shi Yuan Yin 。《Shi Ji ·Lian Po Lin Xiang Ru Lie Chuan 》:“Wu Suo Yi Wei Ci Zhe ,Yi Xian Guo Jia Zhi Ji Er Hou Si Chou Ye 。”2. Biao Shi Shi Yong De Dong Xi 。《Mo Zi ·Gong Shu 》:“Wu Zhi Suo Yi Ju Zi Yi ,Wu Bu Yan 。”(Ju :Tong “Ju ”。)3. Biao Shi Fang Fa Huo Ping Jie 。《Xun Zi ·Yi Bing 》:“Bi Bing Zhe ,Suo Yi Jin Bao Chu Hai Ye 。”Shui :
(Yi )①Chen Shu ;Jiang Shu 。《Zhou Yi ·Xian 》:“Teng Kou Shui Ye 。”(Teng :Zhang Kou Fang Yan )②Shui Ming ;Jie Shi 。《Xun Zi ·Tian Lun 》:“Mo Wu Zhi Guai Shu Bu Shui 。”③Xue Shui ;Zhu Zhang ;Yan Lun 。《Han Fei Zi ·Nan Yi 》:“Mao Dun Zhi Shui Ye 。”《Mo Zi ·Fei Gong 》:“Re Yi Ci Shui Wang ,Sha Shi Ren ,Shi Chong Bu Yi ,Bi You Shi Si Zui Yi 。”(Wang :Lei Tui 。)④Gao Su 。《Guo Yu ·Wu Yu 》:“Shi Ren Shui Yu Zi Xu 。”⑤Gu Wen Ti Zhi Yi 。Liu Zong Yuan 《Bu She Zhe Shui 》:“Gu Wei Zhi Shui ,Yi Qi Fu Guan Ren Feng Zhe De Yan 。” (Er )shuì ①Quan Shui ;Shui Fu 。《Meng Zi ·Jin Xin Xia 》:“Shui Da Ren Ze Miao Zhi 。”②Tong “Shui ”。Zhi Xi 。《Shi Jing ·Shao Na ·Gan Tang 》:“Shao Bai Suo Shui 。” (San )yuè Xi Yue ;Gao Xing 。Ye Xie Zuo “Yue ”。《Lun Yu ·Xue Er 》:“Xue Er Shi Xi Zhi ,Bu Yi Shui Hu ?”Bu :
(Yi )①Bu 。《Hou Han Shu ·Ban Chao Chuan 》:“Bu Ru Hu Xue ,Bu De Hu Zi 。”《Shi Jing ·Wei Feng ·Fa Tan 》:“Bu Shou Bu Lie ,Hu Zhan Er Ting You Xian (Xuan )Te Xi 。”(Te :San Sui De Shou 。)②Fei ;Bu Shi 。《Xun Zi ·Jun Dao 》:“Neng Zhong Shi Zhe Qu Zhi ,Shi Qi Bu Bi De Zhi Zhi Dao Ye Zai ?”③Mo ;Mei You 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xiang Gong Er Shi San Nian 》:“Bu De Er You Gong 。”④Wei 。《Meng Zi ·Liang Hui Wang Shang 》:“Zhi Bu Bai Bu Er ,Shi Yi Zou Ye 。”⑤Gou Zhong Zhu Ci 。Mo Shi Yi 。《Yi Zhou Shu ·Huang Men 》:“Wo Bu Ze Yin Zai Yin Zai !”[Bu Lu ]Shi Si De Hui Chen 。《Li Ji ·Qu Li Xia 》:“Tian Zi Yue Beng ,Zhu Hou Yue Hong ,Da Fu Yue Cu ,Shi Yue Bu Lu 。” (Er )fūHua E 。Hou Zuo “Fu ”。《Shi Jing ·Xiao Ya ·Chang Di 》:“Chang Di Zhi Hua ,E Bu (wěi)。”(Chang Di :Ji Tang Li Shu 。 E :Tong “E ”。 :You Guang Cai 。)Ru :
①Shun Cong ;Yi Zhao 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xi Gong Shi Wu Nian 》:“Wei Suo Ru Zhi ,Mo Bu Ru Zhi 。”Li Chao Wei 《Liu Yi Chuan 》:“Yi Ru Ji Yan ,Sui Zhi Ji Gong 。”②Wang ;Dao ……Qu 。《Han Shu ·Yan Wang Chuan 》:“Tian Sheng Ru Chang An ,Bu Jian (Liu )Ze 。”③Shi ;Xiang ;Ru Tong 。《Shi Jing ·Xiao Ya ·Xiao Min 》:“Zhan Zhan Jing Jing ,Ru Lin Shen Yuan ,Ru Lv Bao Bing 。”④Ji ;Gan De Shang 。《Lun Yu ·Gong Ye Chang 》:“Fu Ru Ye ! Wu Yu Nv Fu Ru Ye !”⑤Nai 。“Ru ……He ”,Xiang Dang Yu “Nai ……He ”,Ba ……Zen Me Yang 。《Meng Zi ·Teng Wen Gong Xia 》:“Yi Xue Ju Zhou ,Du Ru Song Wang He ?”(Xue Ju Zhou :Ren Ming ,Song Chen 。)《Lie Zi ·Shang Wen 》:“Ji Ru Tu Dan He ?”⑥Jie Ci 。Xiang Dang Yu “Yu ”。Yin Jin Bi Jiao Dui Xiang 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Ai Shi 》:“Ren Zhi Kun Qiong ,Shen Ru Ji Ke 。”⑦Lian Ci 。1. Xiang Dang Yu “Ru Guo ”,Biao Shi Jia She 。《Shi Jing ·Qin Feng ·Huang Diao 》:“Ru Ke Shu Xi ,Ren Bai Ji Shen 。”2. Xiang Dang Yu “He ”。Biao Shi Bing Lie 。《Yi Li ·Xiang Yin Jiu Li 》:“Gong Ru Da Fu Ru 。”(Da Fu :Guan Ming 。)3. Xiang Dang Yu “Er ”。Biao Shi Zhuai She 。Zhi Yu ;Que 。《Lun Yu ·Xian Jin 》:“Ru Ji Li Le ,Yi Qi Jun Zi 。”4.Xiang Dang Yu “Huo Zhe ”。Biao Shi Shua Ze 。《Lun Yu ·Xian Jin 》:“An Jian Fang Liu Qi Shi Ru Wu Liu Shi Er Fei Bang Ye Zhe ?”(An :Zen 。Fang Liu Qi Shi :Zhi Zong Heng Liu Qi Shi Li 。Bang :Zhu Hou Feng Guo 。)⑧Zhu Ci 。Xing Rong Ci Hou Chuo ,Xiang Dang Yu “Ran ”,Biao Shi “……De Yang Zi ”。《Lun Yu ·Xiang Dang 》:“Kong Zi Yu Xiang Dang ,Xun Xun Ru Ye ,Shi Bu Neng Yan Zhe 。”[Bu Ru ]Ye Zuo “Fu Ru ”。Bi Bu Shang 。Cen Can 《Dan Xi 》:“Shi Zhi Li Tai Shou ,Bai Yu Yi Bu Ru 。”(Bai Yu :Da Yu 。)Ci :
①Dai Ci 。Zhe ;Zhe Ge 。《Meng Zi ·Gong Sun Chou Xia 》:“Bi Yi Shi ,Ci Yi Shi Ye 。”《Li Ji ·Li Yun 》:“Ci Zhi Wei Da Tong 。”②Zhe Yang ;Zhe Ban 。Yu Xin 《Ai Jiang Na Fu 》:“Tian He Wei Er Ci Zui 。”③Fu Ci 。Nai ;Ze 。《Hou Han Shu ·Huang Qiong Chuan 》:“Bi Dai Yao Shun Zhi Jun ,Ci Wei Zhi Shi Zhong Mo Shi Yi 。”
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