“Shang Wei Qian Niu Ru ,Xia You Mo Dan Qian 。”Shi Gou Chu Chu :《Du Yi You Wu Chang Yi Tu Mi Hua Pu Sa Quan Jian Xiang Er Shou 》;Shi Song Chao Shi Ren Su Shi De Zuo Pin 。
Tu Mi Bu Zheng Chun ,Ji Mo Kai Zui Wan 。 Qing Jiao Zou Yu Gu ,Yu Gai Meng Zhu Xian 。 Bu Zhuang Yan Yi Jue ,Mo Feng Xiang Zi Yuan 。 Qi Liang Wu Gong Que ,Gong Fen Mai Gu Yuan 。 Zhi Jin Wei Yue Ye ,Sheng Xiao Lai Jue Yan 。 Yu Yan Ru Ci Hua ,Qian Zai Shang Qing Wan 。 Guai Jun Hu Bu Gui ,Ding Wei Hua Suo Wan 。 Zuo Xiao Lei Yu E ,Hua Jin Jun Ying Fan 。 Jun Yan Xi Shan Ding ,Zi Gu Liu Bai Quan 。 Shang Wei Qian Niu Ru ,Xia You Mo Dan Qian 。 Bu Kui Hui Shan Wei ,Dan Mo Liu Zi Xian 。 Yuan Jun Yang Ji Ming ,Shu Tuo Wen Zi Chuan 。 Han Quan Bi Ji Shi ,Qing Zhuo Zai Ji Yuan 。 Bu Shi Wo Xin Ce ,Yu Quan Fei Suo Huan 。 Jie Wo Ben He You ,Xu Ming Kong Zi Chan 。 Bu Jian Zi Liu Zi ,Yu Yu Wu Xi Shan 。
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【Zhu Shi 】:
Shang :
(Yi )①Wei Zhi Zai Gao Chu De 。Yu “Xia ”Xiang Dui 。《Meng Zi ·Liang Hui Wang Shang 》:“Wang Zuo Yu Tang Shang ,You Qian Niu Er Guo Tang Xia Zhe 。”②Deng Ji Gao Huo Zhi Liang Hao De 。《Tian Gong Kai Wu ·Yi Tang 》:“Se Yi Bai Zhe Wei Shang 。”③Ci Xu Huo Shi Jian Zai Qian De 。《Mo Zi ·Qi Huan 》:“Gu Sui Shang Shi Zhi Sheng Wang ,Qi Neng Shi Wu Gu Chang Shou ,Er Han Shui Bu Zhi Zai ?”Gu Le Fu 《Ri Chu Dong Na Yu Hang 》:“Dong Fang Qian Yu Ji ,Fu Xu Ju Shang Tou 。”④Zai Shang Wei De Jun Zhu 。《Meng Zi ·Liang Hui Wang Shang 》:“Ru Yi Shi Ji Fu Xiong ,Chu Yi Shi Ji Chang Shang 。”⑤You Di Chu Wang Gao Chu 。《Zhuang Zi ·Xiao Yao You 》:“Tuan (tuán)Fu Yao Er Shang Zhe Jiu Mo Li 。”⑥Qu ;Wang 。Huang Zong Xi 《Liu Jing Ting Chuan 》:“Shi Fu Shang Jie Tou Li Ji Gu Ye 。”⑦Xiang Qian 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Qin Ce Er 》:“San Gu Zhi Er Cu Bu Shang 。”(Cu :Zhong 。)⑧Jin Cheng ;Jin Suo ;Song Shang 。《Han Shu ·Dong Fang Shuo Chuan 》:“Si Fang Shi Duo Shang Shu Yan De Shi 。”⑨Chu Chang 。Wang Shi Fu 《Xi Xiang Ji 》Di Yi Ben Xie Zi :“Zheng Dan Ban Ying Ying Shang 。”⑩Jia ;Tian Jia 。《Lun Yu ·Yan Yuan 》:“Cao Shang Zhi Feng Bi Yan 。”(11)Tu Ran 。《Tian Gong Kai Wu ·Zao Zhu Zhi 》:“Xian Yi Bai Fan Shui Ran Guo ,Hou Shang Gong Hua Zhi Yun 。”(12)Tong “Shang ”。Chong Shang 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Chang Jian 》:“Zun Xian Shang Gong 。” (Er )shǎng Shang Sheng ,Han Yu Si Sheng Zhi Yi 。Zhong Rong 《Shi Pin Xu 》:“Zhi Ping Shang Qu Ren ,Ze Yu Bing Wei Neng 。”Wei :
(Yi )①Zuo 。《Shi Jing ·Zhou Song ·Feng Nian 》:“Wei Jiu Wei Li ,Zheng Bi Zu Bi 。”(Zheng :Jin Suo 。Bi :Gei Yu 。)《Lun Yu ·Xue Er 》:“Ji Wei Ren Ye Xiao Di (tì)。”(Di :Tong “Ti ”。You Ai 。)②Zhi Zuo ;Chuang Zuo 。《Li Ji ·Qu Li Xia 》:“Wei Gong Shi ,Bu Zhan Yu Qiu Mu 。”(Qiu Mu :Mu De De Shu 。)《Han Shu ·Mei Cheng Chuan 》:“Si Ma Xiang Ru Shan Wei Wen Er Chi 。”(Chi :Man 。)③Zhi Li 。《Shang Jun Shu ·Nong Zhan 》:“Shan Wei Guo Zhe ,Cang Lin Sui Man ,Bu Tou Yu Nong 。”(Tou :Dai Duo ;Hu Shi 。)《Lun Yu ·Wei Zheng 》:“Wei Zheng Yi De 。”④Hang Wei 。Fan Zhong Yan 《Yue Yang Lou Ji 》:“Yu Chang Qiu Gu Ren Ren Zhi Xin ,Huo Yi Er Zhe Zhi Wei 。”(Chang :Ceng Jing 。)⑤Chong Dang 。《Lun Yu ·Wei Zheng 》:“Wen Gu Er Zhi Xin ,Ke Yi Wei Shi Yi 。”(Wen :Wen Xi 。Gu :Jiu De Zhi Shi 。)⑥Dang Zuo 。Li Bai 《Meng You Tian Lao Yin Liu Bie 》:“Ni Wei Yi Xi Feng Wei Ma 。”⑦Bian Wei ;Cheng Wei 。Qu Yuan 《Li Sao 》:“Lan Zhi Bian Er Bu Fang Xi ,Quan Hui Hua Er Wei Mao 。”(Lan 、Zhi 、Quan 、Hui :Jie Xiang Cao Ming 。)⑧Ren Wei 。《Meng Zi ·Gong Sun Chou Shang 》:“Er Zi Wei Wo Yuan Zhi Hu ?”(Zi :Ni 。)⑨Shi 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xuan Gong San Nian 》:“Yu Wei Bai Shu ,Yu Er Zu Ye 。”⑩Jie Ci 。1. Biao Bei Dong 。Bei 。《San Guo Zhi · Wu Shu · Lv Meng Chuan 》:“Wei Zhang Liao Deng Suo Xi 。”2.Biao Dui Xiang 。Dui ;Xiang 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Han Ce Er 》:“(Yan Zhong Zi )Yin Wei Nie Zheng Yu Yue :‘Chen You Chou 。’”(11)Lian Ci 。Ru Guo 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Qin Ce Si 》:“Qin Wei Zhi Zhi ,Bi Bu Jiu Ye 。”(12)Yu Qi Ci 。1. Yu “He ”Xiang Pei ,Biao Yi Wen Yu Qi 。《Lun Yu ·Ji Shi 》:“He Yi Fa Wei ?”(Fa :Jin Gong 。)2. Duo Yong Yu Gou Wei ,Biao Shi Fan Wen Yu Qi 。《Han Shu ·Wai Qi Chuan Xia ·Zhao Huang Hou 》:“Jin Gu Gao Zhi ,Fan Nu Wei !”(Gu :Gu Yi 。) (Er )wèi ①Bang Zhu 。《Shi Jing ·Da Ya ·Fu Yi 》:“Gong Shi Yan Yin ,Fu Lu Lai Wei 。”②Jie Ci 。1. Biao Dui Xiang 。Ti 。《Lun Yu ·Xue Er 》:“Wei Ren Mou Er Bu Zhong Hu ?”2. Biao Yuan Yin 。Yin Wei 。《Xun Zi ·Tian Lun 》:“Tian Hang You Chang ,Bu Wei Yao Cun ,Bu Wei Jie Wang 。”3. Biao Mu De 。Wei Le 。《Kong Qiao Dong Na Fei 》:“Shen Wu Wei Fu Si 。”③Tong “Wei ”。Jia Zhuang 。《Li Ji ·Tan Gong Xia 》:“Fu Zi Wei Fu Wen Ye Zhe Er Guo Zhi 。”Ru :
①Bu Yo ;Wei Nai 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xuan Gong Si Nian 》:“Hu Ru Zhi 。”Lin Si Huan 《Kou Ji 》:“Fu Fu Er Ru 。”②Ru Zhi ;Nai Shui 。《Shi Ji ·Zhang Cheng Xiang Lie Chuan 》:“Lao ,Kou Zhong Mo Chi ,Shi Ru 。”③Xiang Nai Zhi De Dong Xi 。Yu Xin 《Feng He Zhao Wang Yin Shi 》:“Dan Ru Di Chuang Qian 。”④Ru Fang 。《Song Shi ·Yang Qing Chuan 》:“Jiu Zhi ,Ru Fu Sheng 。”⑤Xiang Ru Tou De Dong Xi 。Su Shi 《Tie Zhu Zhang 》:“Qian Nian Lao Gen Sheng Ru Jie 。”⑥Sheng Zi 。Zhi Tai Sheng 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Yin Chu 》:“Ru Yu Min Shi ,Zhu Ren Fang Ru 。”⑦Luan Sheng ;Fu Hua 。《Wei Shu ·Lv Li Zhi Shang 》:“Li Chun ,Ji Shi Ru 。”⑧Zheng Zai Bu Ru Ji De 。Du Fu 《Ke Fa Mu 》:“Ru Shou Dai Ren Rou 。”⑨Chu Sheng De ;You Xiao De 。《Xin Shu ·Tai Jiao 》:“Mo Yang Ru Hu ,Jiang Shang Tian Xia 。”Xia :
①Wei Zhi Zai Di Chu De 。Yu “Shang ”Xiang Dui 。《Shi Ji ·Sun Zi Wu Qi Lie Chuan 》:“Pang Juan Si Yu Ci Shu Zhi Xia 。”②Deng Ji Di De 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce Yi 》:“Neng Bang Yi Yu Shi Chao ,Wen Gua Ren Zhi Er Zhe ,Shou Xia Shang 。”③Qian Ci 。《Shui Hu Quan Chuan 》Di Liu Shi San Hui :“Cai Fu Ting Le ,Xin Zhong An Xi :Ru Ci Fa Fang ,Zheng Zhong Xia Huai 。”④Zhi Liang Di De 。Liu Yu 《Cha Jing ·Wu Zhi Zhu 》:“Ji Shui Yong Shan Shui ,Shang ;Jiang Shui ,Zhong ;Jing Shui ,Xia 。”⑤Shi Jian Zai Hou De 。《Meng Zi ·Jin Xin Xia 》:“Fen Hu Bai Shi Zhi Shang ,Bai Shi Zhi Xia ,Wen Zhe Mo Bu Xing Qi Ye 。”⑥Ci Xu Kao Hou De 。《Shi Ji ·Qu Yuan Gu Sheng Lie Chuan 》:“Shang Chen Di Ku ,Xia Dao Ji Huan 。”⑦Di Yu ;Shao Yu 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Yong Sai 》:“Ci Bu Xia Jiu Dan 。”⑧Biao Shi Shu Yu Yi Ding De Fan Wei 、Qing Kuang 、Tiao Jian Deng 。⑨Dang Mou Ge Shi Jian Huo Shi Jie ;Shi Xia 。⑩You Gao Chu Wang Di Chu 。《Lun Yu ·Wei Zi 》:“Kong Zi Xia ,Yu Yu Zhi Yan 。”(11)Qu ;Wang 。Chang Zhi You Xi Wang Dong ,You Bei Wang Na ,You Shang You Wang Xia You 。Peng Duan Shu 《Wei Xue Yi Shou Shi Zi Zhi 》:“Wu Shu Nian Lai Yu Mai Zhou Er Xia 。”(12)Gong Ke 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Shen Da 》:“Yi Chao Er Liang Cheng Xia 。”(13)Tui Rang 。(14)Ban Bu ;Xia Da 。《Han Fei Zi ·Nei Chu Shui Shang 》:“Ling Xia Er Ren Jie Ji Xi She ,Ri Ye Bu Xiu 。”(15)Yong ;Shi Hang 。Su Shi 《Xi Jiang Yue ·Zuo Ye Bian Zhou Jing Kou 》:“Ci Jing Bai Nian Ji Bian ,Ge Zhong Xia Yu Qian Nan 。”(16)Dong Zuo De Ci Shu 。Lin Si Huan 《Kou Ji 》:“Dan Wen Bing Zhang Zhong Fu Che Yi Xia 。”You :
(Yi )①Yu “Mo ”Xiang Dui 。1. Biao Shi Zhan You 、Ju You 、Ling You 。《Lun Yu ·Gong Ye Chang 》:“Chen Wen Zi You Ma Shi Cheng (shèng)。”(Cheng :Si Pi 。)Zhu Ge Liang 《Cao Lu Dui 》:“Sun Quan Ju You Jiang Dong 。”2.Biao Shi Cun Zai 。Cao Pi 《Za Shi 》:“Xi Bei You Fu Yun ,Ting Ting Ru Che Gai 。”3. Biao Shi Fa Sheng 。《San Guo Zhi ·Shu Shu ·Zhu Ge Liang Chuan 》:“Tian Xia You Bian ,Ze Ming Yi Shang Jiang Jiang Jing Zhou Zhi Jun Yi Xiang Wan 、Luo 。”②Feng Shou 。Chu Guang Xi 《Guan Jing Du 》:“Neng Ling Qiu Da You ,Gu Chui Yuan Xiang Cui 。”③Biao Shi Bu Ding Zhi 。Gen “Mou ”Xiang Jin 。Li Bai 《Pu Sa Man 》:“Ming Se Ru Gao Lou ,You Ren Lou Shang Chou 。”④Zhu Ci 。1. Duo Yong Yu Chao Dai Ming Chen De Qian Mian 。《Shi Jing ·Da Ya ·Wen Wang 》:“You Zhou Bu Xian ,Di Ming Bu Shi 。”2. Yong Yu Xing Rong Ci Qian Mian 。《Shi Jing ·Zheng Feng ·Nv Yue Ji Ming 》:“Ming Xing You Lan 。”(Lan :Can Lan 。) (Er )yòu Tong “You ”。Yong Yu Zheng Shu Yu Ling Shu Zhi Jian 。《Lun Yu ·Wei Zheng 》:“Wu Shi You Wu Er Zhi Yu Xue 。”《Shi Ji ·Qin Shi Huang Ben Ji 》:“San Shi You Qi Nian ,Qin Xun Tian Xia 。”Mo :
[Mo Qi (qí)]Fu Xing 。Dan :
(Yi )①Dan Tou ;Dan Kuai 。《Lie Zi ·Shang Wen 》:“Ju Yan Zhi Tu Dan ?”②Bei Jie ;Dan Ke 。Liu Ji 《Wen Fu 》:“Bei Jin Dan Yi An De ,Liu Guan Xian Er Ri Xin 。”③Dan Qing ,Gu Le Qi Ming ,Ba Yin Zhi Yi 。《Han Fei Zi ·Shui Yi 》:“Bu Ting Zhong Dan Zhi Sheng 。”④Gu Dai Yong Yi Zhi Bing De Dan Zhen 。《Han Fei Zi ·Yu Lao 》:“(Bing )Zai Ji Fu ,Zhen Dan Suo Ji Ye 。” (Er )dàn (Jiu Dou shí) ①Gu Dai Chong Liang Chan Wei 。Yi Bai Er Shi Jin Wei Yi Dan 。《Mo Zi ·Lu Wen 》:“Er Ren Wu Shi Dan Zhi Chong 。”②Rong Liang Chan Wei 。Shi Dou Wei Yi Dan 。Han Yu 《Za Shui 》Si :“Ma Zhi Qian Li Zhe ,Yi Shi Huo Jin Su Yi Dan 。”
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