“Lao Ren Yin Jiu Mo Ren Zuo ,Du Kan Gong Yao Qing Bai Duo 。”Shi Gou Chu Chu :《Ci Yun He Chao Mo Jiu Xue Shi Xiang Ying 》;Shi Song Chao Shi Ren Su Shi De Zuo Pin 。
Shao Nian Du Shi Chao Xin Cheng ,Bi Men Que Sao Juan Pei Jing 。 Xiong Zhong Zi You Tan Tian Kou ,Zuo Que Qin Jun Fa Mo Shou 。 You Zi Bu Wei Mou Zhi Zhui ,Hong Ni Tun Tu Wang Han Ji 。 Duan Ru Tai Shi Niu Ma Zou ,Yan Xu Bu Gan Lian Kao Shui 。 Pei Hui Wei Yong Yi Xiang Dai ,Wang Che Zhi Jun You Jia Jie 。 Bi Ren Liao Fu Qu Ying Zhou ,Ban Wo Zhen Neng Lao Huai Hai 。 Meng Zhong Chou Chi Qian Ren Yan 。 Bian Yu Lan Wo Qing Xia Chan 。 Ju Xu Hai Jia Yu Fu Ji ,Wo Ben Gui Lu Lian Xi Na 。 Lao Ren Yin Jiu Mo Ren Zuo ,Du Kan Gong Yao Qing Bai Duo 。 Mei Dao Ping Shan Yi Zui Weng ,Xuan Zhi Ta Ri Jun Sai Wo 。 Lu Bang Xiao Er Xiao Xiang Feng ,Ji Ge Mo Shi Zhuai Tou Kong 。 Lai You Feng Liu Xian Bie Jia ,You Kan Shi Li Juan Chun Feng 。
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【Zhu Shi 】:
Lao :
①Nian Sui Da 。《Shi Jing ·Bei Feng ·Ji Gu 》:“Yu Zi Xie Lao 。”(Xie :Yi Tong 。)《Lao Zi 》Di Shi Ba Zhang :“Min Zhi Lao Si Bu Xiang Wang Lai 。”②Cui Lao 。Xin Qi Ji 《Yong Yu Le ·Jing Kou Bei Gu Ting Huai Gu 》:“Lian Po Lao Yi ,Shang Neng Fan Fou ?”③Lao Nian Ren 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce 》:“Min Fu Lao Xie You ,Ying Jun Dao Zhong 。”Te Yong Yu Dui Zi Shen Chang Zhe De Jing Chen 。《Shi Jing ·Xiao Ya ·Shi Yue Zhi Jiao 》:“Bu Yin Wei Yi Lao 。”(Yin yìn:Yuan )④Lao Si ;Zhong Lao 。Si De Hui Chen 。Zhang Pu 《Wu Ren Mu Bei Ji 》:“Ling Wu Ren Zhe Bao Ji Shou Ling Yi Lao Yu Hu You Zhi Xia 。”⑤Jing Lao ,Yang Lao 。《Meng Zi ·Liang Hui Wang Shang 》:“Lao Wu Lao Yi Ji Ren Zhi Lao 。”⑥Shou Lian ,You Jing Yan 。Ou Yang Xiu 《Wei Jun Nan Lun 》:“Ji Fu She ,Zhao Zhi Ming Jiang ,Lao Yong Yu Bing Zhe Ye 。”⑦Dui Gong Qing Da Fu De Zong Chen 。《Zuo Chuan ·Zhao Gong Shi San Nian 》:“Tian Zi Zhi Lao ,Qing Shuai Wang Fu 。”Ye Zhi Da Fu De Jia Chen 《Lun Yu ·Xian Wen 》:“Meng Gong Chao Wei Zhao Wei Lao Ze You 。”(Meng Gong Chao :Lu Da Fu 。Zhao Wei :Dou Shi Jin Guo De Shi Qing 。)⑧Gao Lao ;Nian Lao Tui Xiu 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xiang Gong San Nian 》:“Qi Xi Qing Lao 。”(Qi Xi :Jin Da Fu 。)⑨Nian Jiu De ;Li Shi Jiu Yuan De 。Yuan Lai De (Yu “Xin ”Xiang Dui )。Fang Bao 《Yu Zhong Za Ji 》:“Er Yu Zhong Wei Lao Jian Zhe Si ,Jian Wu Shi 。”⑩Chen Jiu De 。Gui You Guang 《Xiang Ji Xuan Zhi 》:“Bai Nian Lao Wu ,Chen Ni Shen Lu 。”(11)Qian Chuo 。Yong Yu Chen Ren 、Pai Lie Ci Xu He Mou Xie Dong Zhi Wu Ming 。Su Shi 《Jiang Cheng Zi ·Mi Zhou Chu Lie 》:“Lao Fu Liao Fa Shao Nian Kuang 。”Yin :
(Yi )①He 。《Shi Jing ·Zheng Feng ·Shu Yu Tian 》:“Hang Mo Yin Jiu 。”②Yin Liao 。《Shi Ji ·Qin Shi Huang Ben Ji 》:“Yi Fu Shi Yin Yu Liao Tong 。”③Yin Shi 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Qin Ce Yi 》:“Zhang Le She Yin ,Jiao Ying San Shi Li 。”④Han ;Ren 。Jiang Yan 《Hen Fu 》:“Zi Gu Jie You Si ,Mo Bu Yin Hen Er Tun Sheng 。”⑤Mei Ru ;Yin Mei 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Jing Tong 》:“Yang You Ji She ,Zhong Dan ,Shi Nai Yin Yu 。”(Yang You Ji :Chun Qiu Shi Chu Guo Da Fu ,Yi Shan She Zhe Chen 。sì:Tong “Si ”,Du Jiao Xi 。) (Er )yìn Gei Ren Huo Chu He 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xuan Gong Er Nian 》:“Jin Hou Yin Zhao Dun Jiu 。”Mo :
①Mei You 。Gen “You ”Xiang Dui 。Liu You 《You Shan Xi Cun 》:“Shan Chong Shui Fu Yi Mo Lu 。”②Fu Ci 。Biao Shi Fou Ding ,Xiang Dang Yu “Bu ”。《Shang Jun Shu ·Nong Zhan 》:“Min Yi Ci Wei Jiao ,Ze Su Yan De Mo Shao ,Er Bing Yan De Ruo Ye ?”③Lian Ci 。Biao Shi Tiao Jian ,Xiang Dang Yu “Mo Lun ”、“Bu Lun ”。《Shi Jing ·Lu Song ·Feng Shui 》:“Bu Xiao Bu Da ,Cong Gong Yu Mai 。”④Tong “Wu ”。Bu Yao 。《Gu Shi Yuan ·Kong Hou Yin 》:“Gong Mo Du He ,Gong Jing Du He 。Duo He Er Si ,Dang Nai Gong He !”⑤Fei ;Bu Shi 。《Guan Zi ·Xing Shi 》:“Ze Guo Fei Ji Guo ,Er Min Mo Ji Min Ye 。”⑥Yu Qi Ci 。Yong Yu Yi Wen Gou Mo ,Biao Shi Yi Wen ,Xiang Dang Yu “Fou ”。Bai Ju Yi 《Wen Liu Shi Jiu 》:“Wan Lai Tian Yu Xue ,Neng Yin Yi Bei Mo ?”Zuo :
①Fu Zhu ;Bang Zhu 。《Zhou Li ·Tian Guan ·Xu Guan 》:“Yi Zuo Wang Jun Bang Guo 。”(Jun :Xie He 。)《Shi Jing ·Xiao Ya ·Liu Yue 》:“Wang Yu Chu Zheng ,Yi Zuo Tian Zi 。”②Fu Zuo Da Chen 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce Si 》:“Shi Yi Yao You Jiu Zuo 。”③Fu Zhi ;Liao Shu 。《Shui Yuan ·Zun Xian 》:“(Tai Gong Wang )Chao Ge Zhi Tu Zuo Ye 。”(Chao Ge :De Ming 。Tu :Tu Fu 。)④Fu De ;Ji Ci De 。《Zuo Chuan ·Cheng Gong Er Nian 》:“Zheng Zhou Fu Yu Zuo Che 。”⑤Pei Shi 。《Han Shu ·Gao Zu Ji Xia 》:“(Gao Zu )Zhi Jiu Pei (pèi)Gong ,Xi Shao Gu Ren Fu Lao Zi Di Zuo Jiu 。”Du :
①Chan Yi ;Chan Du 。《Shi Ji ·Gao Zu Ben Ji 》:“Xiang Yu Yu Yu Han Wang Du Shen Tiao Zhan 。”《Hou Han Shu ·Cui Yin Chuan 》:“Gai Gao Shu Mi Yin ,Du Mu Bu Lin 。”②Du Zi 。Su Shi 《Dan Zhong Shan Ji 》:“Du Yu Mai Cheng Xiao Zhou Zhi Jue Bi Xia 。”③Mei You Zi Sun De Lao Ren 。《Li Ji ·Li Yun 》:“Jin (guān)Gua Gu Du Fei Ji Zhe ,Jie You Suo Yang 。”(Jin :Tong “Guan ”。)④Du Te ;Te Yi ;Yu Zhong Bu Tong Zhi Chu 。《Lun Heng ·Shi Zhi 》:“You Du Jian Zhi Ming ,Du Ting Zhi Cong 。”⑤Zhuan Duan ;Du Cai 。《Xun Zi ·Chen Dao 》:“Gu Ming Zhu Hao Tong ,Er An Zhu Hao Du 。”(An :Tong “An ”。)⑥Fu Ci 。1. Xiang Dang Yu “Zhi ”、“Jin Jin ”。Zhang Pu 《Wu Ren Mu Bei Ji 》:“Du Wu Ren Zhi Jiao Jiao ,He Ye ?”2.Biao Shi Fan Wen ,Xiang Dang Yu “Qi ”、“Nan Dao ”。Si Ma Qian 《Shi Ji ·Lian Po Lin Xiang Ru Lie Chuan 》:“Xiang Ru Sui Nu ,Du Wei Lian Jiang Jun Zai ?”[Du Fu ]1. Du Shen Nan Zi 。2. Can Bao Mo Dao Wei Ren Min Suo Zeng Hen De Tong Zhi Zhe 。Kan :
①Xiang Yuan Chu Kan ;Wang 。《Shi Shui Xin Yu ·Wen Xue 》:“Yu Chan Shi Zuo 《Yang Zhou Fu 》……Yu Gong Wen Fu Cheng ,Qiu Kan ,Jian Zeng Kuang (kuàng)Zhi 。”(Yu Gong :Zhi Yu Liang 。Kuang :Zeng ,Ci 。)②Guan Cha 。Su Shi 《Ti Xi Lin Bi 》:“Heng Kan Cheng Ling Ce Cheng Feng ,Yuan Jin Gao Di Ge Bu Tong 。”(Xi Lin :Lu Shan Si Ming 。)You Biao Shi Gu Liang 。Gao Kuo 《Song Tian Shao Fu Bian Cang Wu 》:“Zhang Fu Qiong Da Wei Ke Zhi ,Kan Jun Bu Ge Chang Pin Jian 。”(Cang Wu :Xian Ming 。Ge :Ying Gai 。)③Guan Shang 。Li Bai 《Qing Ping Diao 》Zhi San :“Ming Hua Qing Guo Liang Xiang Huan ,Chang De Jun Wang Dai Xiao Kan 。”(Qing Guo :Zhi Jia Ren ,Mei Nv 。)④Kan Wang ;Tan Fang 。《Shi Shui Xin Yu ·De Hang 》:“(Chen Zhong Ju )Zhi Bian Wen Xu Ru Zi Suo Zai ,Yu Xian Kan Zhi 。”《Han Fei Zi ·Wai Chu Shui Zuo Xia 》:“Liang Che Wei Ye Ling ,Ji Zi Wang Kan Zhi 。”⑤Ting ;Wen 。Du Fu 《Xi Ge Kou Hao Cheng Yuan Er Shi Yi 》:“Kan Jun Hua Wang Shi ,Gan Dong Ji Xiao You 。”⑥Zhu Ci 。Yong Zai Dong Ci Huo Dong Ci Xing Duan Yu Zhi Hou ,Biao Shi Shi Yi Shi 。Bai Ju Yi 《Yan Bing 》:“Ren Jian Fang Yao Ying Mo Yi ,Zheng De Jin Bi Shi Gua Kan 。”(Zheng De :Zen Neng 。Jin Bi :Ji Jin 戉,Yi Chong Jin Shu Xiao Dao ,Wei Yi Sheng Gua Zhi Yan Bing De Gong Ju 。)[Kan Hu ]Zhao Liao ;Hu Li 。Zhang Zhi Han 《Jin Lv Qu ·Yi Wei Qing Ming 》:“Xian Ying (yíng)Song Bai Shei Kan Hu ?”(Xian Ying :Zu Xian Fen De 。)Gong :
①Ben Yi Wei Jian Gong ;Tao Gong ;Fen Gong 。Hou Fan Zhi Gong Se 。Song Qi 《Yu Lou Chun 》:“Gong Xing Zhi Tou Chun Yi Nao 。”(Nao :Nong Cheng 。)②Hua De Dai Chen 。Zhang Xian 《Tian Xian Zi 》:“Ming Ri La Gong Ying Man Jing 。”③Tong “Gong (gōng)”。Zhi Fu Nv Suo Zuo De Fang Zhi 、Ci Xiu Deng Gong Zuo 。《Han Shu ·Li Shi Ji Chuan 》:“Nong Fu Shi Lei (lěi),Gong Nv Xia Ji 。”(Shi :Fang Xia 。Lei :Nong Ju Ming 。)Yao :
①Ke Zhi Bing De Zhi Wu 。Fan Zhi Yi Qie Ke Zhi Bing Zhi Wu 。《Zhou Li ·Tian Guan ·Ji Yi 》:“Yi Wu Wei 、Wu Gu 、Wu Yao Yang Ji Bing 。”(Wu Yao :Zhi Cao 、Mu 、Chong 、Dan 、Gu 。)②Te Zhi Du Yao 。《Shui Hu Quan Chuan 》Di Yi Bai Er Shi Hui :“Hui Dao Run Zhou ,Guo Ran Yao Fa Shen Si 。”③Liao Zhi 。《Shi Jing ·Da Ya ·Ban 》:“Bu Ke Jiu Yao 。”④Shao Yao De Jian Chen 。Jiang Kui 《Yang Zhou Man ·Chun Xi Bing Shen Zhi Ri 》:“Nian Qiao Bian Gong Yao ,Nian Nian Zhi Wei Shei Sheng ?”Qing :
①Dao Xiang Yi Bian ;Qing Xie 。《Li Ji ·Qu Li Shang 》:“Li Bi Zheng Fang ,Bu Qing Ting 。”(Zheng Fang :Fang Xiang Duan Zheng 。)②Hang Wei Bu Zheng ;Xie E 。《Han Shu ·Xiao Wang Zhi Chuan 》:“Hou Peng Hang Qing Xie ,Wang Zhi Jue Bu Yu Tong 。”③Dao Ta ;Qing Fu 。《Xin Lun 》:“Gao Tai Ji Yi Qing ,Qu Chi You Yi Ping 。”Lu Zhao Lin 《Hang Lu Nan 》:“Chao Qing Zhi She Feng Gui Qu 。”④Jiang Dong Xi Dao Chu Lai ;Quan Bu Dao Chu 。《Han Fei Zi ·Wai Chu Shui You Xia 》:“Shi Tian Cheng Heng Qing Pu Chi Er Shi Ke Min Ye 。”⑤Quan Bu ;Jin 。《Hou Han Shu · Guo Tai Chuan 》:“Xiang Li You You Huan Zhe ,(Gu )Shu Zhe Qing Shen Ying Jiu 。”(Zhe :Zong Shi 。)⑥Qin Pei ;Ai Mu 。《Shi Ji ·Si Ma Xiang Ru Lie Chuan 》:“Xiang Ru Bu De Yi ,Jiang Wang ,Yi Zuo Jin Qing 。”(Jiang :Mian Jiang 。)《Tang Yu Lin ·Bu Wei Si 》:“Chao Ye Qing Xian 。”⑦Pai Ji ;Qing Ga 。Chao Cuo 《Lun Gui Su Shu 》:“Yi Li Xiang Qing 。”⑧Ling Jia ;Ya Dao 。Si Ma Qian 《Bao Ren An Shu 》:“Jiang Hou Zhu Zhu Lv ,Quan Qing Wu Bai 。”Bai :
①Bai Se 。《Xun Zi ·Rong Ru 》:“Mu Bian Bai Hei Mei E 。”(Bian :Bian Bie 。)②Chun Jie 。《Han Fei Zi ·Shui Yi 》:“Song (sǒng)Xin Bai Yi 。”(Song :Gong Jing 。)③Jiao Jie ;Ming Liang 。Bai Ju Yi 《Pi Pa Hang 》:“Wei Jian Jiang Xin Qiu Yue Bai 。”④Zhang Ming ;Xian He 。《Xun Zi ·Tian Lun 》:“Li Yi Bu Jia Yu Guo Jia ,Ze Gong Ming Bu Bai 。”⑤Biao Ming ;Chen Shu 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Shi Jie 》:“Wu Jiang Yi Si Bai Zhi 。”⑥Bing Gao ;Bao Gao 。Liu Zong Yuan 《Duan Tai Wei Yi Shi Zhuang 》:“Tai Wei Zi Zhou Yi Zhuang Bai Fu 。”⑦Tu Ran ;Ping Bai De 。Li Bai 《Yue Nv Ci 》Wu Shou Zhi Si :“Xiang Kan Yue Wei Duo ,Bai De Duan Gan Chang 。”Duo :
(Yi )①La Xia ;Diao Xia 。Du Mu 《Ti Tao Hua Fu Ren Miao 》:“Ke Lian Jin Gu Duo Lou Ren !”(Jin Gu :Jin Dan Chong De Yuan Ming 。Duo Lou Ren :Zhi Dan Chong Ai Ji Lu Zhu ,Zai Dan Chong Bei Bu Shi Zai Yuan Zhong Tiao Lou Er Si 。)②Tong “Duo ”。Xie Dai ;Lan San 。《Han Fei Zi ·Xian Xue 》:“Chi Er Duo Zhe Pin ,Li Er Jian Zhe Fu 。”(Chi :She Chi ,Zhi Hui Huo Cai Wu ,Guo Fen Xiang Shou 。Li :Qin Lao 。Jian :Jie Jian 。) (Er )huī Tong “Hui ”。Hui Huai 。《Chun Qiu ·Ding Gong Shi Er Nian 》:“Shu Sun Zhou Chou Shuai Shi Duo Hou (hòu)。”(Shu Sun Zhou Chou :Lu Da Fu 。Hou :Shu Sun Shi Cai Yi ,Ci Zhi Hou Yi De Cheng Qiang 。)Yin Shen Wei Fei Qi 。《Huai Na Zi ·Xiu Wu 》:“Gu Ming Li Er Bu Duo ,Ci Zi Jiang Er Cheng Gong Zhe Ye 。”
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