“Ming Ri Jiu Chong Xian Zhao Xia ,Hai You Jian ,Zi Ni Feng 。”Shi Gou Chu Chu :《Jiang Cheng Zi 》;Shi Yuan Chao Shi Ren Ma Xu An De Zuo Pin 。
Nian Hua Dou Zhu Shui Liu Dong 。Zai Xiang Feng 。Yi Cui Weng 。Bu Dao Er Jin ,Hao Qi Jian Yuan Long 。Bai Fa Qing Shan Ren Lao Yi ,Cai You Xiang ,Wu Yu Feng 。Pian Fan Yan Yu Dan Ming Meng 。Miao Gu Hong 。Tai Cong Cong 。Shei Shi Ran Can ,Yi Jiu Zui Yan Gong 。Ming Ri Jiu Chong Xian Zhao Xia ,Hai You Jian ,Zi Ni Feng 。
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【Zhu Shi 】:
Ming :
①Ming Liang ;Guang Ming 。《Shi Jing ·Zheng Feng ·Nv Yue Ji Ming 》:“Zi Xing Shi Ye ,Ming Xing You Lan 。”②Zhao Liang 。Wang An Dan 《You Bao Chan Shan Ji 》:“Huo Shang Zu Yi Ming Ye 。”③Ming Xian ;Ming Bai 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce Yi 》:“Ze Qin Bu Neng Hai Ji ,Yi Yi Ming Yi 。”④Gong Kai 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Zhao Ce Si 》:“Tai Hou Ming Wei Zuo You 。”You Xian Lou 。Liu Zong Yuan 《Xiao Dan Tan Ji 》:“Ming Mie Ke Jian 。”⑤Shui Ming ;Biao Ming 。Zhang Pu 《Wu Ren Mu Bei Ji 》:“Yi Yi Ming Si Sheng Zhi Da 。”⑥Xian Ming ;Ying Ming 。Zhu Ge Liang 《Qian Chu Shi Biao 》:“Kong Tuo Fu Bu Xiao ,Yi Shang Xian Di Zhi Ming 。”⑦Cong Ming ;Zhi Hui 。《Lao Zi 》:“Zhi Ren Zhe Zhi ,Zi Zhi Zhe Ming 。”Han Yu 《Shi Shui 》:“Xiao Xue Er Da Wei ,Wu Wei Jian Ji Ming Ye 。”(Wei :Fang Qi 。)⑧Shi Li ;Yan Li 。You Shi Li Hao 。《Meng Zi ·Liang Hui Wang Shang 》:“Ming Zu Yi Cha Qiu Hao Zhi Mo 。”⑨Bai Tian 。Zhang Huang Yan 《Ni Gu 》Zhi Er :“Hui Ming Ben Ru Gu (gǔ),Ri Ri Xiang Tui Yi 。”(Hui :Hei Ye 。Gu :Che Lun De Zhong Xin 。)⑩Jiu Zhi Yang Shi Jian 。Yan Yan Zhi 《He Xie Jian Ling Yun Yi Shou 》:“Ren Shen You Ming Jue 。”(You :Zhi Yin Jian 。Jue :Zhi Shi Luan Bu De Ji Si 。)(11)Ci (Ri Huo Nian )。Peng Duan Shu 《Wei Xue Yi Shou Shi Zi Zhi 》:“Yue Ming Nian ,Pin Zhe Zi Na Hai Hai ,Yi Gao Fu Zhe 。”(Na Hai :Zhi Zhe Jiang Fo Jiao Sheng De Pu Tuo Shan 。)(12)Chao Dai Ming 。Zhu Yuan Zhang Jian Yu Gong Yuan 1368Nian ,1661Nian Wei Qing Wang Chao Suo Dai Ti 。[Ming Tang ]Gu Dai Tian Zi Ju Hang Chao Hui 、Ji Si 、Qing Shang Deng Da Dian De De Fang 。Gu Le Fu 《Mu Lan Shi 》:“Gui Lai Jian Tian Zi ,Tian Zi Zuo Ming Tang 。”[Ming Qi ]Ji “Ming Qi ”。Gu Dai Xun Zang Yong De Qi Wu 。Dan De Yu 《Qu Jiang Chi 》Di Er She :“Jin Ri You Ge Da Ren Jia Chu Bin ,Bai She Ming Qi ,Hao Sheng Ji Zheng 。”(Da Ren Jia :Da Hu Ren Jia 。)Jiu :
①Shu Ci 。《Huai Na Zi ·Tian Wen 》:“San San Ru Jiu 。”②Fan Zhi Duo Shu 。《Chu Ci ·Li Sao 》:“Sui Jiu Si Ji You Wei Hui 。”《Zuo Chuan ·Xiang Gong Shi Yi Nian 》:“Ba Nian Zhi Zhong ,Jiu Ge Zhu Hou 。”(Ge :Meng Hui 。)Si Ma Qian 《Bao Ren An Shu 》:“Jia Ling Pu Fu Fa Shou Zhu ,Re Jiu Niu Wang Yi Mao 。”Chong :
(Yi )①Hou 。《Zhou Yi ·Ji Ci Shang 》:“Fu Mao Zhi Wei Wu Bao ,Er Yong Ke Chong Ye 。”②Chong Liang 。《Han Shu ·Shi Huo Zhi Xia 》:“Geng Zao Da Qian ,Jing Cun Er Fen ,Chong Shi Er Zhu 。”(Jing :Zhi Jing 。Zhu :Er Shi Si Zhu Wei Yi Liang 。)③Fen Liang Da ;Cheng Du Shen 。Yu “Qing ”Xiang Dui 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce Si 》:“Qian Jin ,Chong Bi Ye 。”④Chong Yao ;Gui Chong 。《Lun Yu ·Tai Bai 》:“Ren Chong Er Dao Yuan 。”⑤Chong Shi ;Jing Chong 。《Han Shi Wai Chuan 》Juan Yi :“Ceng Zi Chong Ji Shen Er Qing Ji Lu 。”(Lu :Zuo Guan De Feng Lu 。)Gu Yi 《Guo Qin Lun Shang 》:“Zun Xian Chong Shi 。”⑥Jia Shang ;Jia Chong 。Bai Ju Yi 《Chang Hen Ge 》:“Sui Ling Tian Xia Fu Mu Xin ,Bu Chong Sheng Nan Chong Sheng Nv 。”Qu Yuan 《Li Sao 》:“Fen Wu Ji You Ci Nei Mei Xi ,You Chong Zhi Yi 脩Neng 。”⑦Zhuang Chong 。《Lun Yu ·Xue Er 》:“Jun Zi Bu Chong Ze Bu Wei 。”⑧Shen Chong 。《Liu Tao ·Lun Jiang 》:“Ming Zai Yu Jiang ,Jiang Zhe Guo Zhi Fu ,Xian Wang Zhi Suo Chong Ye 。” (Er )chóng ①Chong Die ;Chong Fu 。Cheng Gai 《Mo Yu Er 》:“Chong Men Shen Suo ,You You Ye Shen Yue 。”②Liang Ci 。Ceng 。Li Bai 《Zao Fa Bai Di Cheng 》:“Liang An Yuan Sheng Ti Bu Zhu ,Qing Zhou Yi Guo Mo Chong Shan 。”③Fu Ci 。1. Chong Xin ;Zai Ci 。Fan Zhong Yan 《Yue Yang Lou Ji 》:“Nai Chong Xiu Yue Yang Lou 。”(Nai :Yu Shi )2. Jia Shang ,Biao Shi Geng Jin Yi Ceng 。Qu Yuan 《Li Sao 》:“Fen Wu Ji You Ci Nei Mei Xi ,You Chong Zhi Yi 脩Neng 。”(Fen :Duo De Yang Zi 。脩Neng :Xiu Shi De Mei Tai 。脩,Tong Xiu 。)Xian :
①Shen Xian 。Liu Yu Xi 《Lou Shi Ming 》:“Shan Bu Zai Gao ,You Xian Ze Ming 。”②Zhi Xiu Lian Cheng Xian 。《Lun Heng ·Dao Xu 》:“Wu Mo Bu Si ,Ren An Neng Xian 。”③Zhi Gao Ya Er Chao Chu Fan Su De Ren 。Du Mu 《Chun Ri Cha Shan Bing Bu Yin Jiu Yin Cheng Bin Ke 》:“Shei Zhi Bing Tai Shou ,You De Zuo Cha Xian 。”④Fei Tong Fan Xiang De 。Hong 昇《Chang Sheng Dian ·Tou Qu 》:“Qia Chen An Han Gong Xian Le Sheng Sheng 。”⑤Chen Yu Dao Jiao You Guan De Ren Huo Shi Wu 。⑥Dui Ren Si De Jing Chen 。Han Yu 《Da Hang Huang Tai Hou Wan Ge Ci San Shou 》Zhi San :“Yun Sui Xian Yu Yuan ,Feng Zhu Sheng Qing Ai 。”(Xian Yu :Xian Jia 。Sheng :Zhi Huang Di 。)⑦Qing Song ;Zi Zai 。Du Fu 《Lan Jing Cheng Bai Zhong Cheng 》:“Hang Chi Geng Jiao Xian 。”Zhao :
Gao Su ;Gao Zhi 。《Shang Shu ·Wei Zi 》:“Duo Ji Wang Zhao 。”(Ji :Ji Ku 。Wang :Mo Chu 。)②Gao Jie ;Jiao Hui 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Shen Fen 》:“Wen Er Bu Zhao ,Zhi Er Bu Wei 。”③Huang Di Xia Da Ming Ling 。《Shi Ji ·Wen Di Ben Ji 》:“Yu Shi Zhao Cheng Xiang Ba Guan 。”④Huang Di De Ming Ling Huo Wen Gao 。《Shi Ji ·Qin Shi Huang Ben Ji 》:“Zun Feng Wei Zhao ,Yong Cheng Chong Jie 。”⑤Zheng Shao 。《Hou Han Shu ·Feng Yan Chuan 》:“Zhao Yi Yin Yu Bo (bó)Jiao Xi 。”⑥Gu Dai Xi Na Shao Shu Min Zu Shou Ling De Chen Hao 。Xia :
①Wei Zhi Zai Di Chu De 。Yu “Shang ”Xiang Dui 。《Shi Ji ·Sun Zi Wu Qi Lie Chuan 》:“Pang Juan Si Yu Ci Shu Zhi Xia 。”②Deng Ji Di De 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce Yi 》:“Neng Bang Yi Yu Shi Chao ,Wen Gua Ren Zhi Er Zhe ,Shou Xia Shang 。”③Qian Ci 。《Shui Hu Quan Chuan 》Di Liu Shi San Hui :“Cai Fu Ting Le ,Xin Zhong An Xi :Ru Ci Fa Fang ,Zheng Zhong Xia Huai 。”④Zhi Liang Di De 。Liu Yu 《Cha Jing ·Wu Zhi Zhu 》:“Ji Shui Yong Shan Shui ,Shang ;Jiang Shui ,Zhong ;Jing Shui ,Xia 。”⑤Shi Jian Zai Hou De 。《Meng Zi ·Jin Xin Xia 》:“Fen Hu Bai Shi Zhi Shang ,Bai Shi Zhi Xia ,Wen Zhe Mo Bu Xing Qi Ye 。”⑥Ci Xu Kao Hou De 。《Shi Ji ·Qu Yuan Gu Sheng Lie Chuan 》:“Shang Chen Di Ku ,Xia Dao Ji Huan 。”⑦Di Yu ;Shao Yu 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Yong Sai 》:“Ci Bu Xia Jiu Dan 。”⑧Biao Shi Shu Yu Yi Ding De Fan Wei 、Qing Kuang 、Tiao Jian Deng 。⑨Dang Mou Ge Shi Jian Huo Shi Jie ;Shi Xia 。⑩You Gao Chu Wang Di Chu 。《Lun Yu ·Wei Zi 》:“Kong Zi Xia ,Yu Yu Zhi Yan 。”(11)Qu ;Wang 。Chang Zhi You Xi Wang Dong ,You Bei Wang Na ,You Shang You Wang Xia You 。Peng Duan Shu 《Wei Xue Yi Shou Shi Zi Zhi 》:“Wu Shu Nian Lai Yu Mai Zhou Er Xia 。”(12)Gong Ke 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Shen Da 》:“Yi Chao Er Liang Cheng Xia 。”(13)Tui Rang 。(14)Ban Bu ;Xia Da 。《Han Fei Zi ·Nei Chu Shui Shang 》:“Ling Xia Er Ren Jie Ji Xi She ,Ri Ye Bu Xiu 。”(15)Yong ;Shi Hang 。Su Shi 《Xi Jiang Yue ·Zuo Ye Bian Zhou Jing Kou 》:“Ci Jing Bai Nian Ji Bian ,Ge Zhong Xia Yu Qian Nan 。”(16)Dong Zuo De Ci Shu 。Lin Si Huan 《Kou Ji 》:“Dan Wen Bing Zhang Zhong Fu Che Yi Xia 。”Hai :
(Yi )①Fan Hui ;Hui Dao Yuan De Huo Hui Fu Yuan Wei 。《Zuo Chuan ·Xi Gong Er Shi Si Nian 》:“Song Cheng Gong Ru Chu ,Hai ,Ru Yu Zheng ,Zheng Bai Jiang Xiang Zhi 。”(Zheng Bai :Zhi Zheng Wen Gong 。Xiang :She Yan Qiao Dai 。)《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Hai Jun Ba Shang 。”②Hui Fu 。《Wei Shu ·Xian Zu Ji 》:“Zhu Fei Lao Chao Qian Zhe ,Yi Ge Hai Chu 。”(Lao :Gong Lao 。Qian :Jin Sheng 。)③Jiao Hai ;Gui Hai 。《Xun Zi ·Yao Wen 》:“Ran Er Wu Suo Zhi Zhi Er Jian Zhe Shi Ren ,Hai Zhi Er Jian Zhe San Shi Ren 。”Ye Zhi Jiao Na 。Du Fu 《Sui Yan Hang 》:“Ge Ci Ren Ai Hai Zu Yong 。”(Yong :Di Chang Lao Yi De Bu Bo 。)④Gu ;Hui Tou 。Pan Yue 《Shang Ruo Zi Ci 》:“Hai Tiao Xi Fen Yi (yì),Cao Mang Mang Xi Mu Sen Sen 。”(Yi :Mai Zang Wu 。)《Shi Ji ·Hua Ji Lie Chuan 》:“Ji Bu Shu Hai Gu 。”⑤Chang Hai 。Jiang Yan 《Hen Fu 》:“Lie Bo Ji Shu ,Shi Hai Han En 。”(Ji :Bang 。Shu :Xin 。)⑥Tong “Huan ”。Huan Rao 。Chen Liang 《Nian Nu Jiao ·Deng Duo Jing Lou 》:“Wei Lou Hai Wang ,Tan Ci Yi ,Jin Gu Ji Ren Ceng Hui 。”⑦《Han Shu ·Shi Huo Zhi Shang 》:“Hai Lu Shu Sang 。”(Lu :Fang She 。) (Er )xuán ①Xuan Zhuai 。《Guo Yu ·Wu Yu 》:“Da Fu Chong (zhǒng)Yong Er Shan Mou ,Jiang Hai Wan Wu Guo Yu Gu Zhang Zhi Shang ,Yi De Ji Zhi 。”(Chong :Zhi Yue Da Fu Wen Chong 。Wan :Wan Long 。)②Li Ji ;Xun Su 。《Xun Zi ·Wang Ba 》:“Ru Shi Ze Shun Yu Hai Zhi ,Wang Ye Hai Qi 。”③Qing Ying Kuai Jie De Yang Zi 。《Shi Jing ·Ji Feng ·Hai 》:“Zi Zhi Hai Xi ,Zao Wo Hu Nao (náo)Zhi Jian Xi 。”(Nao :Gu Shan Ming 。) (San )hái Fu Ci 。①Reng ;Shang 。Du Fu 《Fan Jiang 》Shi :“Luan Li Hai Zou Le ,Piao Bo Ju Ting Ge 。”②Zai ;You 。Meng Hao Ran 《Guo Gu Ren Zhuang 》:“Dai Dao Chong Yang Ri ,Hai Lai Jiu Ju Hua 。”③Geng 。Du Fu 《Feng Dai Yan Da Fu 》Shi :“Shu Fang You Xi Gu Ren Lai ,Chong Zhen Hai Xu Ji Shi Cai 。”You :
①Fu Ci 。1.Biao Shi Chong Fu Huo Ji Xu 。《Zuo Chuan ·Zhao Gong Er Shi Wu Nian 》:“Wen ,You Ru Chu 。”2. Biao Shi Ji Chong Qing Kuang Tong Shi Cun Zai 。《Guo Yu ·Jin Yu Yi 》:“Ji Mo Lao Mou ,Er You Mo Zhuang Shi ,He Yi Shi Jun ?”(Zhuang Shi :Zhi Fu Li Yi 。)3.Biao Shi Yi Sai Shang Geng Jin Yi Ceng 。《Meng Zi ·Gong Sun Chou Shang 》:“Fei Tu Mo Yi ,Er You Hai Zhi 。”4.Biao Shi Qing Wei Zhuai She 。《Liao Zhai Zhi Yi ·Nie Xiao Qian 》:“Ning Qie Lian Zhi ,Yu Liu Su Bie Ta ,You Ju Mu Chen 。”(Qie :Si Xia 。)5. Yong Yu Fou Ding Gou Huo Fan Wen Gou Zhong Jia Jiang Yu Qi 。《Zuo Chuan ·Cheng Gong San Nian 》:“Chen Shi Bu Cai ,You Shei Gan Yuan ?”6. Biao Shi Zheng Shu Zhi Wai Zai Jia Ling Shu 。Xin Qi Ji 《Mei Qin Shi Lun 》:“Gai Li Er Shi You San Nian 。”。②Tong “You ”。《Han Shu ·Han Xin Chuan 》:“Huai Yin Shao Nian You Wu Xin Yue 。”③Tong “You ”。Kuan Shu 。《Li Ji ·Wang Zhi 》:“Wang San You ,Ran Hou Zhi Xing 。”④Tong “祐”。Fu 。《Bo Ci Tong Zuan 》Di San Liu Jiu Pian :“Fa Qiong Fang ,Di Shou Wo You 。”(Qiong Fang :De Ming 。Shou :Shou 。)Jian :
(Yi )①Kan ;Kan Dao 。《Shi Jing ·Xiao Ya ·He Ren Si 》:“Wo Wen Ji Sheng ,Bu Jian Ji Shen 。”《Zhan Guo Ce ·Chu Ce Si 》:“Jian Tu Er Gu Quan 。”《Dan Zhong Shan Ji 》:“Shi Bu Mu Jian Er Wen ,Er Yi Duan You Mo ,Ke Hu ?”②Bai Jian ;Ye Jian 。《Mo Zi ·Gong Shu 》:“Zi Mo Zi Jian Wang 。”③Hui Jian 。《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Xiang Bai Ji Ru Jian Pei Gong 。”Bai Ju Yi 《Pi Pa Hang 》:“Yi Chuan Xiang Jin Yao Xiang Jian 。”④Jian Jie ;Jian Shi 。《Jin Shu ·Wang Hun Chuan 》:“Gan Chen Yu Jian 。”⑤Biao Shi Bei Dong ,Xiang Dang Yu “Bei ”。《Shi Ji ·Qu Yuan Gu Sheng Lie Chuan 》:“Xin Er Jian Yi ,Zhong Er Bei Bang ,Neng Mo Yuan Hu ?”《Chu Ci ·Yu Fu 》:“Ju Shi Jie Zhuo Er Wo Du Qing ,Zhong Ren Jie Zui Er Wo Du Xing ,Shi Yi Jian Fang 。”(Fang :Fang Zhu 。)⑥Fang Zai Dong Ci Qian ,You Chen Dai Zi Wo Zuo Yong 。Wang An Dan 《Da Si Ma Jian Yi Shu 》:“Ji Jun Shi Huo Jian Shu Ye 。”Li Mi 《Chen Qing Biao 》:“Sheng Hai Liu Yue ,Ci Fu Jian Bei 。” (Er )xiàn ①Xian Lou ;Chu Xian 。《Chi Le Ge 》:“Tian Cang Cang ,Ye Mang Mang ,Feng Chui Cao Di Jian Niu Yang 。”②Jie Shao ;Yin Jian 。《Mo Zi ·Gong Shu 》:“Hu Bu Jian Wo Yu Wang ?”(Hu :Wei He 。)③Xian Cheng De 。《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Jun Mo Jian Liang 。”Ni :
(Yi )①Gu Shui Ming 。Jing Shui Zhi Liu ,Zai Jin Gan Su Sheng Qing Yang De Ou 。②Ni Tu 。《Shang Shu ·Yu Gong 》:“Jue Tu Wei Tu Ni 。”③Xiang Ni Yi Yang De Dong Xi 。《Dong Ming Ji 》Juan San :“Di Ling Cuo Ci Cao Wei Ni ,Yi Tu Yun Ming Zhi Guan 。” (Er )nì ①Tu Ma 。《Shi Shui Xin Yu ·Tai Chi 》:“Wang (Kai )Yi Chi Dan Zhi Ni Bi 。”(Chi Dan Zhi :Yi Chong Feng Hua De Tao Tu 。)②Gu Zhi ;Ju Ni 。Liu Zong Yuan 《Duan Xing Lun Xia 》:“Jing Fei Quan Ze Ni ,Quan Fei Jing Ze Bei (bèi)。”(Bei :Hun Luan 。)③Zu Zhi Bu Tong 。《Lun Yu ·Zi Zhang 》:“Sui Xiao Dao ,Bi You Ke Guan Zhe ,Zhi Yuan Kong Ni 。”④Ruan Qiu ;Ruan Chan 。Yuan Zhen 《Wei Bei Huai 》Zhi Yi :“Gu Wo Mo Yi Sou Jin Qie ,Ni Ta Gu Jiu Ba Jin Chai 。”⑤Tong “Nie ”。Yong Zuo Hei Se Ran Liao De Fan Dan 。《Da Dai Li Ji ·Ceng Zi Zhi Yan Shang 》:“Bai Sha Zai Ni ,Yu Zhi Ju Hei 。”Feng :
①Jia Tu Pei Yo Shu Mu Yi Wei Jie 。《Zuo Chuan ·Zhao Gong Er Nian 》:“Su Gan Bu Feng Shi Ci Shu ?”(Su :Ren Ming )②Jiang Jie ,Bian Jing 。《Xun Zi ·Jiang Guo 》:“Tu De Zhi Da ,Feng Nei Qian Li ,Ren Zhi Zhong Shu Yi Yi Mo 。”③Ji Tu Zhu Tu Wei Fen 。《Li Ji ·Le Ji 》:“Feng Bi Gan Zhi Mu 。”④Gu Dai Di Wang Zhu Tan Ji Tian 。《Da Dai Li Ji ·Bao Fu 》:“Shi Yi Feng Tai Shan Er Chan Liang Fu 。”(Liang Fu :Tai Shan Xia De Yi Zuo Xiao Shan 。)⑤Feng Bi ;Feng Ge 。《Shi Ji ·Xiang Yu Ben Ji 》:“Feng Fu Ku Er Dai Jiang Jun 。”⑥Feng Ge Wu ,Huo Yong Lai Feng Dong Xi De Zhi Bao 、Zhi Dai 。Si Ma Guang 《Da Peng Ji Chao Yi Shu 》:“Sui Shi Chan Quan Mu Zhi Min ,Jie De Zhi Shang Feng Yan Shi 。”⑦Gu Dai Di Wang Ba Tu De Jue Wei Huo Ming Hao Shou Yu Chen Zi 。Liu Zong Yuan 《Feng Jian Lun 》:“Han You Tian Xia ,Jiao Qin Zhi Wang ,Xun Zhou Zhi Zhi ,Pou Hai Nei Er Li Zong Zi ,Feng Gong Chen 。”(Zong Zi :Tong Zong Zu De Zi Di 。)⑧Liang Ci 。Yong Yu Feng Jian Wu 。《Shi Ji ·Yue Wang Gou Jian Shi Jia 》:“Wei Yi Feng Shu Wei Gu Suo Shan Zhuang Sheng 。”
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