“Dou Ji Xia Du Chen Chu Ge ,Zou Ma Zhang Tai Ri Ban Xie 。”Shi Gou Chu Chu :《Za Qu Ge Ci ·Wei Cheng Shao Nian Hang 》;Shi Tang Chao Shi Ren Cui Hao De Zuo Pin 。
Luo Yang Er Yue Li Hua Fei ,Qin De Hang Ren Chun Yi Gui 。Yang Bian Zou Ma Cheng Na Mo , Chao Feng Yi Shi Qin Chuan Ke 。Yi Shi Qian Ri Fa Zhang Tai ,Chuan Dao Chang An Chun Zao Lai 。 Tang Li Gong Zhong Yan Chu Zhi ,Pu Tao Guan Li Hua Zheng Kai 。Nian Ci Shi Ren Gui Geng Zao , San Yue Bian Da Chang An Dao 。Chang An Dao Shang Chun Ke Lian ,Yao Feng Dang Ri Qu He Bian 。 Mo Hu Lou Tai Lin Wei Shui ,Wu Ling Hua Liu Man Qin Chuan 。Qin Chuan Han Shi Cheng Fan Hua , You Zi Chun Lai Xi Jian Hua 。Dou Ji Xia Du Chen Chu Ge ,Zou Ma Zhang Tai Ri Ban Xie 。 Zhang Tai Di Cheng Chen Gui Li ,Qing Lou Ri Wan Ge Zhong Qi 。Gui Li Hao Jia Bai Ma Jiao , Wu Ling Nian Shao Bu Xiang Rao 。Shuang Shuang Jia Dan Lai Jin Shi ,Liang Liang Ming Bian Shang Wei Qiao 。 Wei Cheng Qiao Tou Jiu Xin Shou ,Jin An Bai Ma Shei Jia Su 。Ke Lian Jin Se Zheng Pi Pa , Yu Tai Qing Jiu Jiu Jun Jia 。Xiao Fu Chun Lai Bu Jie Xiu ,Jiao Ge Yi Qu Yang Liu Hua 。
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【Zhu Shi 】:
Dou :
①Gu Dai Jiu Qi Ming 。《Shi Jing ·Da Ya ·Hang Wei 》:“Zhuo Yi Da Dou ,Yi Qi (qí)Huang Gou (gǒu)。”(Qi :Qiu 。Gou :Lao Shou 。)②Liang Qi Ming 。Ke Rong Yi Dou 。《Zhuang Zi ·Qu Qie 》:“Pou (pǒu)Dou She Heng ,Er Min Bu Zheng 。”(Pou :Ji Da 。Heng :Chen Liang Qing Chong De Qi Ju 。)③Rong Liang Chan Wei 。Shi Sheng Wei Yi Dou ,Shi Dou Wei Yi Dan 。《Han Shu ·Lv Li Zhi Shang 》:“Shi Sheng Wei Dou ,Shi Dou Wei Hu 。”④Xing Su Ming 。1. Er Shi Ba Su Zhi Yi 。You Chen Na Dou ,You Xing Liu Ke 。Su Shi 《Chi Bi Fu 》:“Yue Chu Yu Dong Shan Zhi Shang ,Pai Huai Yu Dou Niu Zhi Jian 。”2. Bei Dou Xing ,You Xing Qi Ke 。《Huai Na Zi ·Ji Su 》:“Fu Cheng Zhou Er Huo Zhe ,Bu Zhi Dong Xi ,Jian Dou Ji Ze Wu Yi 。”⑤Dou Xing De Qi Ju 。Gao Kuo 《Yan Ge Hang 》:“Sha Qi San Shi Zuo Zhen Yun ,Han Sheng Yi Ye Chuan Diao Dou 。”(Zhen Yun :Zhan Yun 。San Shi :Zhi Shi Jian Chang 。Diao Dou :Hang Jun Zhong Zhu Fan De Tong Qi ,You Bing ,Ru Dou 。)⑥Yong Tong “Dou ”。《Xu Xia Ke You Ji ·You Yan Dang Shan Ri Ji 》:“Wang Yan Xia Dou Shen Bai Zhang 。”[Dou Gong ]Ye Zuo “Dou Gong ”(dǒu gǒng)。Wo Guo Chuan Tong Jian Zhu Zhong De Zhi Cheng Gou Jian ,Wei Yu Li Zhu Yu Heng Liang De Jiao Jie Chu 。Cong Zhu Ding Tan Chu De Hu Xing Zhou Mu Jiao Gong ,Gong Yu Gong Zhi Jian Dian De Fang Xing Mu Kuai Jiao Dou 。[Dou Shi ]Yu Xia Xiao De Fang Jian 。Yu Ji 《Liao Zhai Zhi Yi 》Xu :“Ba Juan Zuo Dou Shi Zhong ,Qing Deng Shan Shan (shǎn),Yi Bu Dai Zhan Dou ,Er Yin Sen Zhi Qi ,Bi Ren Mao Fa 。”(Shan :Tong “”。 Zha Yan 。)[Dou Shao ]Yu Cai Shi Duan Jian ,Qi Liang Xia Zhai 。《Dong Zhou Lie Guo Zhi 》Di Qi Shi Liu Hui :“Nang Wa Nai Dou Shao Zhi Bei ,Tan Gong Jiao Xing 。”(Nang Wa :Chun Qiu Shi Ji Chu Guo Ling Yin 。)Xia :
①Wei Zhi Zai Di Chu De 。Yu “Shang ”Xiang Dui 。《Shi Ji ·Sun Zi Wu Qi Lie Chuan 》:“Pang Juan Si Yu Ci Shu Zhi Xia 。”②Deng Ji Di De 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Ji Ce Yi 》:“Neng Bang Yi Yu Shi Chao ,Wen Gua Ren Zhi Er Zhe ,Shou Xia Shang 。”③Qian Ci 。《Shui Hu Quan Chuan 》Di Liu Shi San Hui :“Cai Fu Ting Le ,Xin Zhong An Xi :Ru Ci Fa Fang ,Zheng Zhong Xia Huai 。”④Zhi Liang Di De 。Liu Yu 《Cha Jing ·Wu Zhi Zhu 》:“Ji Shui Yong Shan Shui ,Shang ;Jiang Shui ,Zhong ;Jing Shui ,Xia 。”⑤Shi Jian Zai Hou De 。《Meng Zi ·Jin Xin Xia 》:“Fen Hu Bai Shi Zhi Shang ,Bai Shi Zhi Xia ,Wen Zhe Mo Bu Xing Qi Ye 。”⑥Ci Xu Kao Hou De 。《Shi Ji ·Qu Yuan Gu Sheng Lie Chuan 》:“Shang Chen Di Ku ,Xia Dao Ji Huan 。”⑦Di Yu ;Shao Yu 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Yong Sai 》:“Ci Bu Xia Jiu Dan 。”⑧Biao Shi Shu Yu Yi Ding De Fan Wei 、Qing Kuang 、Tiao Jian Deng 。⑨Dang Mou Ge Shi Jian Huo Shi Jie ;Shi Xia 。⑩You Gao Chu Wang Di Chu 。《Lun Yu ·Wei Zi 》:“Kong Zi Xia ,Yu Yu Zhi Yan 。”(11)Qu ;Wang 。Chang Zhi You Xi Wang Dong ,You Bei Wang Na ,You Shang You Wang Xia You 。Peng Duan Shu 《Wei Xue Yi Shou Shi Zi Zhi 》:“Wu Shu Nian Lai Yu Mai Zhou Er Xia 。”(12)Gong Ke 。《Lv Shi Chun Qiu ·Shen Da 》:“Yi Chao Er Liang Cheng Xia 。”(13)Tui Rang 。(14)Ban Bu ;Xia Da 。《Han Fei Zi ·Nei Chu Shui Shang 》:“Ling Xia Er Ren Jie Ji Xi She ,Ri Ye Bu Xiu 。”(15)Yong ;Shi Hang 。Su Shi 《Xi Jiang Yue ·Zuo Ye Bian Zhou Jing Kou 》:“Ci Jing Bai Nian Ji Bian ,Ge Zhong Xia Yu Qian Nan 。”(16)Dong Zuo De Ci Shu 。Lin Si Huan 《Kou Ji 》:“Dan Wen Bing Zhang Zhong Fu Che Yi Xia 。”Du :
①Yi Chong Cao Ben Zhi Wu ;Gan Tang 。Ji Tang Li 、Du Li ,Ye Chen Du Shu 。Gu Sai Xie 《Ji Min Yao Shu ·Chong Li 》:“Du Shu Da Zhe Cha Wu Zhi ,Xiao Zhe Huo San Huo Er 。”②Du Sai ;Bi ;Du Jue 。Li Si 《Jian Zhu Ke Shu 》:“Jiang Gong Shi ,Du Si Men 。”《Shi Ji ·Lian Po Lin Xiang Ru Lie Chuan 》:“(Li )Mu Du Men Bu Chu ,Gu Chen Ji 。”(Gu :Yi Zai De 。)Chen :
①Hui Chen ;Chen Tu 。Chao Cuo 《Lun Gui Su Shu 》:“Chun Bu De Bi Feng Chen ,Xia Bu De Bi Shu Re 。”②Wu Ran 。Su Shi 《Hu Ji 》:“Ji Chen Mei Zhi ,Fu Dian Ming Fan 。”(Fan :Fan Zhen 。)③Zong Ji ;Ye Ji 。《Song Shi ·Na Tang Li Shi Shi Jia 》:“Sai Zhui Chao 、Hu Zhi Yu Chen 。”④Shi Su 。Zong Jiao Chen Su Shi ,Yin Zhe Chen Shi Tu Jie Yue Chen 。《Gong Lou Meng 》Di Yi Hui :“Mo Cai Ke Qu Bu Cang Tian ,Wang Ru Gong Chen Re Hu Nian 。”⑤Bi Yu Zhan Zheng ;Huo Luan 。《Jing Shi Tong Yan ·Du Shi Niang Nu Chen Bai Bao Xiang 》:“Dang Xian Hong Wu Ye Sao Dang Hu Chen 。”(Hong Wu Ye :Zhi Ming Chao Kai Guo Huang Di Zhu Yuan Zhang 。)You “Yan Chen ”Lian Yong ,Yi Tong 。Gao Kuo 《Yan Ge Hang 》:“Han Jia Yan Chen Zai Dong Bei 。”⑥Chong Liang Chan Wei 。Yi Fen De Mo Mo Fen Zhi Yi 。《Qing Shi Gao ·Shi Xian Zhi Yi 》:“Wei 、Chen 、Miao 、Hu ,Sui Shu Mo Ji ,Er Zong Ji Zhi ,Bian Ji Shao Cheng Duo 。”Chu :
①Kai Shi 。《Shi Ji ·Gu Yi Chuan 》:“Nian Shao Chu Xue 。”Liu Zong Yuan 《Feng Jian Lun 》:“Tian De Guo Mo Chu Hu ?”②Dang Chu ;Yuan Xian 。《Hou Han Shu ·Hua Tuo Chuan 》:“Chu ,Jun Li Li Cheng Ku Kai (ké),Jin Ye Bu Mei ……”③Cong Qian ;Wang Ri 。《San Guo Zhi ·Shu Shu ·Huang Quan Chuan 》:“Xian Zhu Yue :‘Gu Fu Huang Quan ,Quan Bu Fu Gu Ye 。’Dai Zhi Ru Chu 。”④Biao Shi Xu Ci De Di Yi 。《Shi Ji ·Qin Ben Ji 》:“Er Nian Chu Fu ,Yi Gou Yu Gu 。”Bai Ju Yi 《Mu Jiang Yin 》:“Ke Lian Jiu Yue Chu San Ye ,Lou Shi Zhen Zhu Yue Shi Gong 。”⑤Cai ;Gang Gang 。《Shi Ji ·Qin Shi Huang Ben Ji 》:“Tian Xia Chu Ding ,You Fu Li Guo ,Shi Shu Bing Ye 。”[Chu Mo ]Cong Lai Mei You ,Bing Mei You 。《Hou Han Shu ·Gai Xun Chuan 》:“Qun Chen Chu Mo Shi Yan Ye 。”Ge :
(Yi )①Ge Long ;Bi Ge Zai Yi Qi 。《Lao Zi 》Di Liu Shi Si Zhang :“Ge Bao Zhi Mu ,Sheng Yu Hao Mo 。”Bai Ju Yi 《Fu Su Zhou ,Zhi Chang Zhou ,Da Gu She Ren 》:“Ya Jian Bu Shu Xian Yan Ge ,Xi Feng Bei Jiu Zan Mei Kai 。”②Hui Ge ;Ju Ji 。《Han Fei Zi ·Wu Du 》:“Cong Zhe ,Ge Zhong Ruo Yi Gong Yi Jiang Ye 。”Su Shi 《Shui Diao Ge Tou 》:“Ren You Bei Huan Li Ge 。”③Fu Ge ;Yu ……Yi Zhi 。《Bei Shi ·He Ba Yue Chuan 》:“Bu Dou Bing Shu ,Er An Yu Zhi Ge 。”(Zhi :Bing Shu 。)④He Xie ;Tou Qi 。《Gu Jin Xiao Shui ·Shen Xiao Xia Xiang Hui Chu Shi Biao 》:“Liang Bian Shui De Qing Tou Yi Ge ,Zhi Hen Xiang Jian Zhi Wan 。”⑤Ying Dang ;Ying Gai 。Bai Ju Yi 《Yu Yuan Jiu Shu 》:“Wen Zhang Ge Wei Shi Er Zhe ,Ge Shi Ge Wei Shi Er Zuo 。”⑥Gu Dai Shuang Fang Yi Bing Qi Jiao Feng ,Yi Lai Yi Wang Wei Yi Ge 。《Shi Ji ·Xiao Xiang Guo Shi Jia 》:“Duo Zhe Bai Yu Zhan ,Shao Zhe Shu Shi Ge 。”⑦He ;He Zi 。《Kai Yuan Tian Bao Wei Shi 》Juan Xia :“You Ge Zhuo Zhi Zhu Bi Yu Ge Zhong 。”(Er ) gě Rong Liang Chan Wei 。Yi Sheng De Shi Fen Zhi Yi 。《Han Shu ·Lv Li Zhi Shang 》:“Shi Ge Wei Sheng 。”《Ming Ji Bei Lve 》Lu Ming Mo Min Yao :“Chao Qiu Sheng ,Mu Qiu Ge 。”Zou :
①Pao ;Tao Pao 。《Zhan Guo Ce ·Zhao Ce Si 》:“Lao Chen Bing Zu ,Ceng Bu Neng Ji Zou 。”《Meng Zi ·Liang Hui Wang Shang 》:“Qi Jia Ye Bing Er Zou 。”Du Fu 《Dan Hao Li 》:“Lao Weng Yu Qiang Zou 。”②Bu Hang 。《Li Ji ·Yu Zao 》:“Zou Er Bu Qu 。”(Qu :Kuai Bu Zou 。)③Ben Xiang ;Qu Xiang 。Chao Cuo 《Lun Gui Su Shu 》:“Qu Li Ru Shui Zou Xia ,Si Fang Wang Ze Ye 。”(Wang :Mo 。)Du Mu 《A Fang Gong Fu 》:“Li Shan Bei Gou Er Xi She ,Zhi Zou Xian Yang 。”④Yi Dong ;Nuo Dong 。Su Shi 《Xin Tan Zu Feng 》:“Chu Wen Shi Yao Shan ,Jian Jiao Ping Sha Zou 。”⑤Li Kai ;Li Qu 。《Na Shi ·Zhang Chang Chuan 》:“Jin Cheng Nei Fa Shi ,Bai Xing Xian You Zou Qing 。”⑥Tong Guo ;Jing You 。Jiang Shi Quan 《Xiang Zu Lou ·Ta Yin 》:“Fu Qi Mian De Chong Jun ,Ju Xiang Xiang Chuan (chuán)Zou Shui 。”(Chuan :Tong “Chuan ”。)⑦Qian Ci ,Deng Yu Shui Pu Ren 。Si Ma Qian 《Bao Ren An Shu 》:“Tai Shi Gong Niu Ma Zou Si Ma Qian Zai Bai Yan 。”(Niu Ma Zou :Yi Sai Shi Xiang Niu Ma Yi Yang Bei Qu Shi De Pu Ren 。)⑧Qian Chen ,Deng Yu “Wo ”。Zhang Heng 《Dong Jing Fu 》:“Zou Sui Bu Min ,Shu Si Da Yi 。”(Shu :Xi Wang 。)[Zou Gou ]1. Shan Pao De Lie Gou 。《Shi Ji ·Yue Wang Gou Jian Shi Jia 》:“Fei Diao Jin ,Liang Gong Cang 。Jiao Tu Si ,Zou Gou Peng 。”2.Shou Ren Huan Yang Bang Zhu Zuo E De Ren 。《Liao Zhai Zhi Yi ·Tian Qi Lang 》:“Cao Zhang Li Jie Shen Jia Zou Gou 。”Zhang :
①Ming Xian ;Xian Zhe 。Qu Yuan 《Li Sao 》:“Fang Fei Fei Ji Mi Zhang 。”(Mi :Geng Jia 。)②Biao Zhang ;Biao Yang 。《Shang Jun Shu ·Shui Min 》:“Zhang Gai Ze Guo Ni 。”③Yin Zhang ;Tu Zhang 。Wei Xue Yi 《He Zhou Ji 》:“You Yong Zhuan Zhang Yi 。”④Yin Le De Yi Qu 。《Shi Ji ·Lv Hou Ben Ji 》:“Wang Nai Wei Ge Shi Si Zhang ,Ling Le Ren Ge Zhi 。”⑤Shi Wen Huo Shi Wen De Yi Duan 。《San Guo Zhi ·Wei Shu ·Chen Sai Wang Zhi Chuan 》:“Xia Bi Cheng Zhang 。”⑥Tiao Mu 。⑦Gui Zhang 。《Shi Jing ·Da Ya ·Jia Le 》:“Bu Qian Bu Wang ,Lv You Jiu Zhang 。”⑧Gui Ze ;Tiao Li 。Han Yu 《Song Meng Dong Ye Xu 》:“Ji Wei Yan Ye ,Luan Za Er Mo Zhang 。”⑨Zou Zhang 。Chen Zi Shang Gei Huang Di De Shu Xin 。《Wen Xin Diao Long ·Zhang Biao 》:“Zhang Yi Xie En 。”⑩Hua Wen ;Wen Cai 。《Hou Han Shu ·Xiao Ren Dong Huang Hou Ji 》:“Yu Fu You Zhang 。”[Zhang Fu ]Yi Chong Li Mao 。《Lun Yu ·Xian Jin 》:“Duan Zhang Fu ,Yuan Wei Xiao Xiang Yan 。”(Duan :Li Fu 。Xiang :Si Yi 。)[Zhang Zhang ]Xian Ming Mao 。《Xun Zi ·Fa Hang 》:“Sui You Min (mín)Zhi Diao Diao ,Bu Re Yu Zhi Zhang Zhang 。”(Min :Mei Dan 。Diao Diao :Xian Ming 。)Tai :
(Yi )Xing Ming ,Ji San Tai (Liu Ke Xing )。Gu Dai Yi “San Tai ”Bi “San Gong ”(Gu Dai Zui Gao De Guan Wei )。 (Er )yí ①Dai Ci 。Wo ;Wo De 。《Shang Shu ·Shui Ming Shang 》:“Chao Xi Na Hui ,Yi Fu Tai De 。”《Shang Shu ·Yu Gong 》:“Zhi Tai De Xian 。”(Zhi :Jing 。)②He ;Shen Me 。《Fa Yan ·Wen Dao 》:“Min Shi Zhi Sun Ji Ru Tai ?”③Tong “Yi ”。Yu Yue 。《Shi Ji ·Tai Shi Gong Zi Xu 》:“Tang Yao Xun Wei ,Yu Shun Bu Tai 。”Ban :
①Shi Wu De Er Fen Zhi Yi ;Yi Ban 。《Zhuang Zi ·Tian Xia 》:“Yi Che Zhi Chui (chuí),Ri Qu Ji Ban ,Mo Shi Bu Jie 。”(Chui :Tong “Chui ”。Duan Mu Gun 。Jie :Jin 。)《Shi Shui Xin Yu ·Ren Dan 》:“You Jin Yi Tun (tún),Shi Ban Yu Ban 。”(Jin :Jin Suo 。Tun :Xiao Zhu 。)②Yi Bu Fen ;Bu Wan Quan 。Du Fu 《Zeng Hua Qing 》:“Jin Cheng Si Guan Ri Fen Fen ,Ban Ru Jiang Feng Ban Ru Yun 。”Fang Gan 《Song Sun Bai Pian You Tian Tai 》:“Geng You Xian Hua Yu Ling Diao ,Kong Jun Duo Ban Wei Zhi Ming 。”③Zhong Jian 。Yao Nai 《Deng Tai Shan Ji 》:“Ban Shan Ju Wu Re Dai Ran 。”
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